《塔吉克斯坦共和国秘密发明法》

LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN ON SECRET INVENTIONS

《塔吉克斯坦共和国秘密发明法》

(Chinese and English are unofficial translation)

（中英文参考译本）

Dushanbe, July 21, 2010, № 624

杜尚别，2010年7月21日，第624号

※使用申明：英文文本由www.worldip.cn提供，中文译本系陕西省知识产权保护中心组织翻译；本译本仅供参考。

※版权申明：中文译本©版权归陕西省知识产权保护中心所有，如引用请标明出处。

※译制日期：2024年2月

 

LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN ON SECRET INVENTIONS

《塔吉克斯坦共和国秘密发明法》

This law regulates property relationships and related personal non-property relationships, arising from the creation, legal protection and use of secret invention within the territory of the Republic of Tajikistan.

本法就塔吉克斯坦共和国境内因秘密发明的创造、法律保护和使用而产生的财产关系和有关个人非财产关系做出了规定。

Article 1. Main definitions

第1条.主要定义

In this law the following definitions are used:

本文件中使用如下定义：

• application – the set of documents, defined by this law, filed with the Patent Office in order to be granted the protection document;
• 申请——本法规定的为获得保护文件而向专利局提交的一套文件；
• secret inventions and research – inventions, containing information categorized as a state secret and classified as provided for by this law;
• 秘密发明和研究——发明，包括列为国家机密的信息以及按本法规定划分为保密级别的信息；
• secret objects of industrial property – inventions, industrial designs and useful models containing information classified as a state secret and resulting from human intellectual activity;
• 工业产权的秘密客体——发明、工业品外观设计和有用模型，包括列为国家机密的信息以及由人类智力活动产生的信息；
• conditions of patentability – conditions for granting legal protection to an invention, stipulated by this Law;
• 授予专利的条件——本法规定的为发明提供法律保护的条件；
• analog of the invention – an object serving the same purpose as the invention, defined as having aggregate characteristics that are similar to the essential aggregate characteristics of the invention;
• 发明类似物——与发明具有相同用途的客体，其定义为具有与发明的基本总体特征相似的总体特征；
• protection documents – patents or minor patents for a secret invention granted in accordance with this law;
• 保护文件——依照本法授予的秘密发明专利或小专利；
• state of the art – the aggregate knowledge that has become available to the general public worldwide before the priority date of the invention.
• 先有技术水平——在发明的优先权日之前，全世界公众可获得的知识总和。

Article 2. Legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan on secret inventions

第2条.塔吉克斯坦共和国秘密发明法

The legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan on secret inventions is based on the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan and consists of this law, other normative legal acts of the Republic of Tajikistan, as well as the international legal acts recognized by Tajikistan.

《塔吉克斯坦共和国秘密发明法》根据《塔吉克斯坦共和国宪法》制定，包括本法、塔吉克斯坦共和国的其他规范性法律文件，以及塔吉克斯坦公认的国际法律行为。

Article 3. The state authority for protection of secret inventions and research

第3条.保护秘密发明和研究的国家机关

The state authority for protection of secret inventions and research (hereinafter – the Patent Office) is to be appointed by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan to provide the implementation of a uniform policy in the area of legal protection of secret inventions and research, accept applications for secret inventions and research, examine and perform the state registration of secret inventions and research, grant protection documents and act otherwise as provided for by the constituent documents of the Patent Office.

保护秘密发明和研究的国家机关（下文简称——专利局）由塔吉克斯坦共和国政府任命，负责执行关于秘密发明和研究的法律保护方面的统一政策，受理秘密发明和研究申请书，审查并进行国家秘密发明和研究的登记工作，授予保护文件并按照专利局组成文件的规定行事。

Article 4. Classification of inventions containing information classified as a state secret

第4条.包含国家机密信息的保密发明

1. In case of an application for a protection document for an invention, filed in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On Inventions”, the Patent Office shall process the application in order to identify any information classified as a state secret, and shall classify applications containing such information. The procedure of filing and examination of applications for a patent for a secret invention shall be determined by the Patent Office.

1.按照《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》申请发明保护文件的，专利局应当受理申请，以便对划分为国家机密的信息进行认定，并对包含此类信息的申请进行保密。专利局应制定秘密发明专利申请的提出和审查程序。

2. The Ministries, state committees, administrative agencies (hereinafter – state bodies) which have the lists of information subject to classification, have the right to classify the inventions containing information classified as a state secret and file applications marked for the appropriate classification level through their security-secrecy departments with the Patent Office.

2.拥有保密信息目录的各部、国家委员会、行政机关（以下简称“国家机关”），有权对含有国家机密信息的发明进行保密，并通过其安全保密部门向专利局提出相应等级的保密申请。

3. The Patent Office shall also accept for examination applications for inventions with a claim to classification filed by individuals referred to in Article 7 of this law (hereinafter - applicants), through the appropriate security-secrecy departments of the employer or, in the absence of such an opportunity, directly as provided for by the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On Inventions”.

3.此外，专利局应受理由本法第7条所述个人（以下简称申请人）提出的具有保密要求的发明申请审查，此类审查通过用人单位的相关安全保密部门提出；如果专利局无法受理，则直接按照《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》的规定进行审查。

4. The procedure for classification of applications, containing information classified as a state secret, determination of classification level, and the terms of review, shall be the authority of the state bodies appointed by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On State Secret”, as well as this Law.

4.对含有国家机密信息的申请进行的保密程序、保密等级确定以及审查条件，由塔吉克斯坦共和国政府指定的国家机关按照《塔吉克斯坦共和国国家保密法》和本法的规定办理。

Article 5. The right to a secret invention and its use

第5条.秘密发明权及其使用权

1. The right to a secret invention and its use is protected by this law, the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On State Secret”, as well as by other normative legal acts of the Republic of Tajikistan.

1.秘密发明的权利及其使用权受本法、《塔吉克斯坦共和国国家保密法》及塔吉克斯坦共和国其他规范性法律文件的保护。

2. The right to the secret invention and its use shall within the whole classification period belong to the Republic of Tajikistan represented by the state bodies classifying such an invention. A secret invention may be used according to the classification level of the state secret of the Republic of Tajikistan pursuant to the requirements of the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On State Secret”.

2.秘密发明的权利及其使用权在整个保密期内均属于为该发明进行保密的国家机关所代表的塔吉克斯坦共和国所有。秘密发明可以按照《塔吉克斯坦共和国国家保密法》的要求，根据塔吉克斯坦共和国国家机密保密等级使用。

3. The use of a secret invention by a third party, be it in the national interest, may be authorized by the classifying state body in the order prescribed by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan in compliance with its classification status.

3.第三方对秘密发明的使用，无论是否符合国家利益，均可由国家保密机关按照塔吉克斯坦共和国政府根据其保密状态规定的顺序予以授权。

4. The right of ownership of a secret invention shall belong to the Republic of Tajikistan for the whole term of classification.

4.秘密发明的所有权在整个保密期内均属塔吉克斯坦共和国所有。

Article 6. Author of a secret invention

第6条.秘密发明的发明人

1. The author of the secret invention is deemed to be the individual who has developed the respective invention through their creative effort.

1.秘密发明的发明人是指通过创造性努力创造该发明的个人。

2. If several individuals have taken part in the creation of the secret invention, all of them shall be deemed to be its authors.

2.如果有多个人参与秘密发明的创造，则这些个人均是秘密发明的发明人。

3. Individuals who have not personally added any creative contribution to the secret invention but only provided the author (authors) with technical, organizational or financial support, or assistance in the registration of the rights to the invention and its use shall not be deemed the authors.

3.未对秘密发明作出创造性贡献，而只是在技术、组织或者资金上给予发明人支持，或在发明权登记和发明使用方面给予帮助的个人不视为发明人。

4. The right of authorship shall be an inalienable personal right subject to perpetual protection.

4.著作权是一项不可剥夺的个人权利，应受到永久保护。

5. The authorship in a secret invention shall be certified by the patent, issued by the Patent Office, which shall serve as grounds for an of incentive premium, an indemnity payment for the classification and a compensation for its use.

5.专利局应当为秘密发明的著作权颁发专利证书，作为奖励、保密补偿和使用补偿的依据。

6. Should a secret invention be used in the national interest, the author (authors) shall be granted compensation by the state body classifying such invention. The amount and the terms of payment shall be determined by an agreement between the author and the state body classifying the invention.

6.如果某项秘密发明用于国家利益，则由对该发明进行保密的国家机关向发明人给予补偿。补偿金额和支付方式由发明人与对发明进行保密的国家机关协商确定。

Article 7. Terms for filing, examination and classification of an application for a secret invention

第7条.秘密发明申请的备案、审查和保密条款

1. The right to file an application for a secret invention belongs to the author (authors) of the secret invention or to his/her (their) successors, including the party acquiring the respective right by assignment.

1.秘密发明的申请权属秘密发明的发明人或其继承人所有，包括通过转让获得相应权利的一方。

2. Unless an agreement between the employer and the author of the secret invention provides otherwise, the right to file the application for the invention, containing information classified as a state secret which has been created in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On Inventions”, belongs to the employer or their successors, including the party that acquires such right by assignment.

2.除非用人单位与秘密发明的发明人之间的协议另有规定，否则根据《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》提出的包含国家机密信息的发明申请权属用人单位或其继承人所有，包括通过转让获得该权利的一方。

3. An application shall be prepared in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan On Inventions. The procedure for examination of an application for a secret invention and the order of its classification shall be determined by the Patent Office of the Republic of Tajikistan.

3.应按照《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》的规定填写申请。秘密发明申请的审查程序和保密顺序，由塔吉克斯坦共和国专利局确定。

Article 8. Conditions on protectability of a secret invention

第8条.秘密发明可保护性条件

1. The conditions on patentability of an invention prescribed by the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On Inventions” shall apply to determine the legal protectability of the secret invention.
2. 在确定秘密发明的法律保护性时，应适用于《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》中规定的关于发明可授予专利的条件。
3. When determining the novelty of the secret invention, along with the information stipulated by the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On inventions”, the state of the art shall include the following documents in case they have earlier priority:

2.在确定秘密发明的新颖性时，除《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》规定的信息外，如果先有技术水平享有较早优先权，则应包括以下文件：

• protection documents of the Republic of Tajikistan for the secret objects of industrial property;
• 塔吉克斯坦共和国工业产权秘密对象保护文件；
• applications for protection documents for secret items of industrial property filed in the Republic of Tajikistan by other parties (with the exception of withdrawn applications);
• 其他方在塔吉克斯坦共和国境内提出的工业产权秘密项目保护文件申请（撤回申请除外）；
• information containing a state secret disclosed in a printed publication or another source of information, that has become available in the Republic of Tajikistan to parties having lawful access to such information before the priority date of the claimed secret invention.
• 在出版物或其他信息来源中披露的涉及国家机密的信息，而这些信息是在要求保护的秘密发明的优先权日之前，在塔吉克斯坦共和国内由合法获取该信息的各方所获得的。

3. When determining the novelty of the secret invention, the level of classification of the information categorized as a state secret included in the state of the art may not be higher than the level of classification of the claimed secret invention.

3.在确定秘密发明的新颖性时，先有技术水平中属于国家机密的信息，其保密等级不得高于要求保护的秘密发明的保密等级。

Article 9. Priority date of a secret invention

第9条.秘密发明的优先权日

1. The priority date of a secret invention shall be determined by the date of filing the application with the Patent Office in accordance with item 3, Article 4 of this Law.

1.按照本法第4条第3项的规定向专利局提出申请之日应视为秘密发明的优先权日。

2. The priority date of the secret invention may be determined by the date of filing with the Patent Office of additional materials drawn up by the applicant as an independent application, provided the latter is filed before the end of the three month term on the applicant’s receipt of the notification that the additional materials may not be taken into account as changing the substance of the claimed invention.

2.关于秘密发明的优先权日，可以依据申请人将其作为独立申请向专利局提交补充材料的日期确定，但前提是，上述补充材料是在申请人收到通知之日起三个月内提交的，且补充材料不得改变要求保护的发明的实质。

3. The priority date of the secret invention may be determined by the date of filing an earlier application for the invention by the same applicant, disclosing such invention, if the application for the invention where priority date is sought, is filed within twelve months after the date of filing the earlier application for the invention. In this case the earlier application for the invention shall be deemed withdrawn.

3.如果用于确定优先权日的发明申请是在该发明较早申请提交之日起十二个月内提交的，则秘密发明的优先权日可以依据同一申请人对该发明提出公开该发明的较早申请的日期确定。这种情况下，较早申请的发明视为撤回。

4. The priority date of the secret invention may be determined as the date of filing of several previous applications if each of them was in compliance with the conditions stipulated by item 3 of this Article.

4.如果各项先前申请均符合本条第3项规定的条件，则可将提交多个先前申请的日期视为秘密发明的优先权日。

5. The priority date of the secret invention may not be determined by the date of filing the application where by an earlier priority date has been already sought.

5.如果某项秘密发明的优先权日已经按照某个较早的优先权日确定，则可不根据提交申请的日期确定。

6. The priority date of the secret invention under a divisional application for the secret invention shall be determined by the date of filing with the Patent Office of the initial application by the same applicant disclosing such invention, provided the divisional application has been received before dismissal of the initial application, and the grounds for appeal on the latter have been exhausted; or in case of receipt of the decision to grant the protection document on the aforementioned application, before the date of the invention registration with the State registry of secret inventions.

6.秘密发明分案申请下秘密发明的优先权日，以公开该发明的同一申请人向专利局提出首次申请的日期确定，前提是在首次申请被驳回之前已收到分案申请，并且没有其他对分案申请提出上诉的理由；或如果收到决定对上述申请授予保护文件，则上述优先权日应早于向国家秘密发明登记处登记发明的日期。

7. Should examination reveal any identical inventions with the same priority date, the protection document may be granted on the application showing the earliest date of dispatch to the Patent Office. In case of these dates being the same - on the application with the earliest registration number with the Patent Office, unless an agreement between the applicants provides otherwise.

7.如果在审查中发现具有相同优先权日的相同发明，则可根据最早送交专利局的申请授予保护文件。日期相同的，以在专利局登记编号最早的申请为准，但申请人之间的协议另有规定的除外。

Article 10. Examination and registration of secret inventions

第10条.秘密发明的审查、登记

1. Applications for secret inventions classified pursuant to Articles 4 and 7 of this Law shall be subject to a secret invention examination pursuant to the unclassified invention procedure provided for by the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On Inventions”, subject to the following particulars:

1.依照本法第4条和第7条保密的秘密发明申请，应按照《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》规定的不保密发明程序进行秘密发明审查，审查项如下：

• examination of an application for a secret invention shall consist of a formal examination and a review of the merits;
• 秘密发明申请的审查，包括形式审查和实质性审查：
• in reviewing the merits, the Patent Office may engage representatives of the relevant state bodies;
• 进行实质性审查时，专利局可聘请有关国家机关的代表；
• heads of the proper state bodies shall formally dispatch the aforementioned specialists, subject to payment of their average compensation, as well as a travel and accommodation allowance;
• 有关国家机关负责人应正式派遣上述专家，按平均工资水平发放薪酬并给予交通和住宿津贴；
• examination on the merits of an application concerning a new weapon, military equipment or a special device, shall be carried out following the respective resolution of the appropriate state bodies, the list of which is to be determined by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan;
• 关于新武器、军事装备或特种装置的申请，根据有关国家机关的决议进行实质性审查，审查清单由塔吉克斯坦共和国确定；
• the cost of the examination shall be borne by the state bodies classifying the invention.
• 审查费用由对发明进行保密的国家机关承担。

2. Upon completion of the merits review, the application for the object classification shall either be upheld or dismissed.

2.完成实质性审查后，可支持或驳回对客体的保密。

3. Should the Patent Office recognize the claimed invention as a secret one, the Patent Office shall enter the secret invention in the State registry of secret inventions of the Republic of Tajikistan and grant the protection document to the author (or authors).

3.如果专利局认为要求保护的发明是秘密发明，则应在塔吉克斯坦共和国国家秘密发明登记处对该秘密发明进行登记，并将保护文件授予发明人。

4. The information concerning the secret inventions shall be entered into the State registry of secret inventions of the Republic of Tajikistan. The rules of record keeping by the State registry of secret inventions of the Republic of Tajikistan shall be enacted by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan.

4.有关秘密发明的资料应记入塔吉克斯坦共和国国家秘密发明登记处。塔吉克斯坦共和国国家秘密发明登记处的备案办法由塔吉克斯坦共和国政府制定。

5. The access to the information concerning registered secret inventions shall be subject to the state secret regulations provided for by the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On State Secret”.

5.如需查阅已登记秘密发明的信息，请参照《塔吉克斯坦共和国国家保密法》有关国家机密的规定执行。

Article 11. Compensation for classification of an invention

第11条.发明保密补偿

1. The applicant shall be compensated for classification of the invention at the rate and on the terms specified in the agreement between the author and the employer; the applicant shall also be compensated for the costs of filing and examination of the application for the secret invention.

1.按照发明人与用人单位之间协议规定的费率和条件对申请人做出发明保密补偿；并就秘密发明的申请费和审查费对申请人给予补偿。

2. The expenses referred to item 1 above shall be paid at a time by the state body classifying the application pursuant to Article 7 of this Law in a lump sum within one month from the date of the Patent Office’s decision to recognize the claimed invention as a secret one or to dismiss the claim.

2.上述第1项费用，由依照本法第7条对申请进行保密的国家机关自专利局决定承认要求保护的发明为秘密发明或驳回该权利要求之日起一个月内一次性支付。

Article 12. Declassification of a secret invention

第12条.秘密发明解密

1. The grounds for the upkeep of the prescribed level of classification of the secret invention shall be reviewed within the period specified by the classifying state body. The review may also be initiated by the applicant, author or their successors.

1.在国家保密机关规定的期限内审查秘密发明保持规定等级的理由。申请人、发明人或其继承人也可发起复议。

2. The decision to declassify shall be taken as decreed by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan at the request of the state body classifying the secret invention.

2.解密决定由对秘密发明进行保密的国家机关按照塔吉克斯坦共和国政府的要求颁布。

3. The notification of declassification of the secret invention shall be given to the applicant, the author and the Patent Office in order to have the respective secret invention removed from the State registry of secret inventions of the Republic of Tajikistan.

3.解密秘密发明的通知应发给申请人、发明人和专利局，以便将相应的秘密发明从塔吉克斯坦共和国国家秘密发明登记册中删除。

Article 13. Issuance of a protection document for a declassified invention

第13条.为某项解密的发明签发保护文件

1. An applicant may, within one year after the declassification date, file with the Patent Office an application for the protection document concerning the declassified secret invention, as provided for by the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On Inventions”. Protection shall be granted for the remaining period of validity as of the date of filing the application materials with the Patent Office as provided for by the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On Inventions”,

1.申请人可在解密之日起一年内，按照《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》的规定就该秘密发明向专利局申请保护文件。按照《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》的规定，在向专利局提交申请材料之日起的剩余有效期内给予保护。

2. The priority date of the declassified secret invention shall be deemed to be the date of filing the application documents with the Patent Office in accordance with Article 9 of this Law.

2.按照本法第9条的规定向专利局提交申请文件之日应视为解密的秘密发明的优先权日。

3. The protection document granted for the declassified invention shall be valid as of the date of filing the application for it and shall be deemed as grounds for the inclusion of the declassified invention in the state of the art from its priority date for the purpose of determining the novelty of other unclassified inventions pursuant to the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On Inventions”.

3.对已解密发明授予的保护文件自提出申请之日起有效，并应视为从其优先权日起将解密发明纳入先有技术水平的理由，用于根据《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》确定其他非保密发明的新颖性。

4. The patent for an unclassified invention, granted in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On Inventions”, shall be deemed invalid in case of issuance of the patent for an identical declassified invention with an earlier priority date. The holder of the invalid protection document for unclassified invention, who has been properly using it before the date of the application or has made proper arrangements for such use, or if such invention has been created independently from the author (authors) of the declassified invention, shall retain the right of further use of such invention without broadening the scope of such use.

4.如果为拥有较早优先权日的非保密发明授予了专利，则根据《塔吉克斯坦共和国发明法》授予的非保密发明专利视为无效。如果非保密发明无效保护文件的持有人在申请日之前已经正确使用、或已经作出适当的使用安排、或该发明是独立于非保密发明的发明人而独立创造的，则该持有人保留在不扩大其使用范围的情况下进一步使用该发明的权利。

Article 14. Compulsory payments

第14条.强制付款

Compulsory payments shall be due:

下列情况下需进行强制付款：

• for filing the application; for the issuance of the protection document; for keeping it valid; for the renewal or the recovery due to negligence, as well as for any other lawful act inherent to a protection document for a secret invention. The complete list of acts subject to a compulsory payment, the amount and the terms of the payment, as well as the grounds for an exemption, reduction or refund of the payment shall be established by the law of the Republic of Tajikistan.
• 提交申请；签发保护文件；使其有效；续展或因疏忽导致的专利恢复，以及秘密发明保护文件所固有的任何其他合法行为。须强制付款的完整行为清单、付款金额和付款方式以及付款豁免、减少或退还的理由应由塔吉克斯坦共和国法律做出规定。

Article 15. Application of this law to a foreign individual or legal entity

第15条.本法对外国个体或法人的适用

Unless an international treaty to which Tajikistan is a party to, provides otherwise, this Law shall not apply to a foreign national or a legal entity.

除非塔吉克斯坦作为一方签订的国际条约另有规定，否则本法不适用于外国国民或法人实体。

Article 16. Settlement of disputes

第16条.争议解决

Disputes arising out of or with respect to a secret invention shall be settled judicially.

因秘密发明引起的或与秘密发明有关的争议，应由司法解决。

Article 17. Liability for violation of the law

第17条.违反本法的责任

An individual or a legal entity shall be liable for a violation of this Law as provided for by the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan.

依照塔吉克斯坦共和国法律的规定，违反本法的个人或法人应承担责任。

Article 18. Enforcement of the Law

第18条.本法执行

This law shall enter into force after its official publication.

本法自公布之日起执行。

 

President of the Republic of Tajikistan

塔吉克斯坦共和国总统

Emomalii Rahmon

Dushanbe, July 21, 2010

杜尚别，2010年7月21日

№ 624

第624号