《菲律宾知识产权案件诉讼规则》（2020年）

2020 REVISED RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS CASES

《知识产权案件诉讼规则（2020年）》

（Chinese and English are unofficial translation）

（中英文参考译本）

Republic of the Philippines Supreme Court

（菲律宾共和国最高法院决议）

※使用申明：英文文本由菲律宾专利局提供，中文译本系陕西省知识产权保护中心组织翻译；本译本仅供参考。

※版权申明：中文译本©版权归陕西省知识产权保护中心所有，如引用请标明出处。

※译制日期：2023年11月

 

 

 

Seal: REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES SUPREME COURT

章：菲律宾共和国最高法院

Republic of the Philippines

Supreme Court

菲律宾共和国最高法院

Manila

马尼拉

A.M. No. 10-3-10-SC

A.M.第10-3-10-SC号

2020 REVISED RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS CASES

《知识产权案件诉讼规则（2020年）》

RESOLUTION

决议

WHEREAS, Section 13, Article XIV, of the 1987 Constitution provides that the State shall protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists, inventors, artists, and other gifted citizens to their intellectual property and creations, particularly when beneficial to the people, for such period as may be provided by law.

鉴于，1987年《宪法》第十四章第13节规定，在法律规定的期限内，国家应保护和保障科学家、发明家、艺术家和其他有天赋的公民对其知识产权和创作所享有的专有权，尤其是在对公民有利的情况下。

WHEREAS, Republic Act No. 8293, otherwise known as the “Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines,” provides that the State recognizes that an effective intellectual and industrial property system is vital to the development of domestic and creative activity, facilitates transfer of technology, attracts foreign investments, and ensures market access for our products.

鉴于，《第8293号共和国法》（也称为《菲律宾知识产权法典》）规定，国家承认有效的知识产权和工业产权制度对于国内经济活动和创意活动的发展而言至关重要，它能促进技术转让，吸引外国投资，并确保本国产品顺利进入市场。

WHEREAS, Section 5(5), Article VIII of the 1987 Constitution vests in the Supreme Court the power to promulgate rules concerning pleading, practice, and procedure in all courts;

鉴于，1987年《宪法》第八章第5（5）节赋予最高法院颁布适用于所有法院的辩护、抗辩、诉讼规则的权力；

WHEREAS, through Memorandum Order No. 82-2019 dated November 26, 2019, the Sub-Committee for the Revision of the Rules of Procedure for Intellectual Property Rights Cases was organized to review and revise A.M. No. 10-3-10-SC or the Rules of Procedure for Intellectual Property Rights Cases, and is composed of the following:

鉴于，根据2019年11月26日第82-2019号备忘录令的规定，知识产权案件诉讼规则修订小组委员会对A.M.第10-3-10-SC号或《知识产权案件诉讼规则》进行了审查和修订。该委员会由以下成员组成：

Chairperson: 主席：		Hon. Diosdado M. Peralta Diosdado M. Peralta阁下 Chief Justice, Supreme Court 最高法院首席大法官
Vice-Chairpersons: 副主席：		Hon. Alfredo Benjamin S. Caguioa Alfredo Benjamin S. Caguioa阁下 Associate Justice, Supreme Court 最高法院陪审法官 Hon. Alexander G. Gesmundo Alexander G. Gesmundo阁下 Associate Justice, Supreme Court 最高法院陪审法官
Consultant: 顾问：	Hon. Francis H. Jardeleza (ret.) Francis H. Jardeleza阁下（退休）
Members: 成员：	Hon. Jose Midas P. Marquez Jose Midas P. Marquez阁下 Court Administrator 法院行政官 Hon. Maria Rowena Modesto-San Pedro Maria Rowena Modesto-San Pedro阁下 Associate Justice, Court of Tax Appeals 税务上诉法院陪审法官 Hon. Elma M. Rafallo-Lingan Elma M. Rafallo-Lingan阁下 Regional Trial Court of Pasig, Branch 195 帕西格地区初审法院195号分院 Hon. Ethel V. Mercado-Gutay Ethel V. Mercado-Gutay阁下 Regional Trial Court of Makati, Branch 137 马卡蒂地区初审法院137号分院 Atty. Nelson P. Laluces Nelson P. Laluces律师 Deputy Director General, Intellectual Property Office 知识产权局副局长 Atty. Allan B. Gepty Allan B. Gepty律师 Assistant Secretary, Department of Trade and Industry 贸易和工业部助理部长 Atty. Lolibeth R. Medrano Lolibeth R. Medrano律师 Director IV, Bureau of Patents, Intellectual Property Office 知识产权局下属的专利局局长（IV） Atty. Ricardo R. Blancaflor Ricardo R. Blancaflor律师 Intellectual Property Rights Practitioner 知识产权从业者 Atty. Ferdinand M. Negre Ferdinand M. Negre律师 Intellectual Property Rights Practitioner 知识产权从业者 Atty. Ramon S. Esguerra Ramon S. Esguerra律师 Intellectual Property Rights Practitioner 知识产权从业者 Atty. Dorothy L. Peralta Dorothy L. Peralta律师 Representative, Office of the Chief Justice 首席大法官办公室代表
Secretariat: 秘书处：	Atty. Jeffrey G. Gallardo Jeffrey G. Gallardo律师 Office of the Chief Justice 首席大法官办公室 Atty. Justin Adriel Espaldon Ordoyo Justin Adriel Espaldon Ordoyo律师 Office of the Chief Justice 首席大法官办公室 Atty. Antonio Ceasar Manila Antonio Ceasar Manila律师 Office of Associate Justice Alexander G. Gesmundo Alexander G.Gesmundo陪审法官办公室 Atty. Ma. Lisa L. Tolentino Ma.Lisa L. Tolentino律师 Office of Associate Justice Alexander G. Gesmundo Alexander G.Gesmundo陪审法官办公室 Atty. Camille Sue Mae L. Ting Camille Sue Mae L. Ting律师 Office of the Court Administrator 法院行政官办公室

 

 

NOW, THEREFORE, acting on the recommendation of the Chairperson of the Sub-Committee for the Revision of the Rules of Procedure for Intellectual Property Rights Cases, the Court resolves to APPROVE the “2020 Revised Rules of Procedure for Intellectual Property Rights Cases”.

因此，本法院根据知识产权案件诉讼规则修订小组委员会主席的建议，现批准颁布《知识产权案件诉讼规则（2020年）》。

October 6, 2020, Manila, Philippines.

2020年10月6日，菲律宾马尼拉市。

 

DIOSDADO M. PERALTA

Chief Justice

首席大法官

ESTELA M. PERLAS-BERNABE Associate Justice 陪审法官	MARVIC M.V.F. LEONEN Associate Justice 陪审法官
ALFREDO BENJAMIN S. CAGUIOA Associate Justice 陪审法官	ALEXANDER G. GESMUNDO Associate Justice 陪审法官
RAMON PAUL L. HERNANDO Associate Justice 陪审法官	ROSMARI D. CARANDANG Associate Justice 陪审法官
AMY C. LAZARO-JAVIER Associate Justice 陪审法官	HENRI JEAN PAUL B. INTING Associate Justice 陪审法官
RODIL V. ZALAMEDA Associate Justice 陪审法官	MARIO V. LOPEZ Associate Justice 陪审法官
EDGARDO L. DELOS SANTOS Associate Justice 陪审法官	SAMUEL H. GAERLAN Associate Justice 陪审法官

On leave

（在休假中）

PRISCILLA J. BALTAZAR-PADILLA

Associate Justice

陪审法官

 

 

2020 REVISED RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS CASES

《知识产权案件诉讼规则（2020年）》

Rule 1

规则1

GENERAL PROVISIONS

总则

SECTION 1. Title. — These Rules shall be known and cited as the “2020 Revised Rules of Procedure for Intellectual Property Rights Cases.”

第1节。名称——本规则的名称为《知识产权案件诉讼规则（2020年）》。

SEC. 2. In what courts applicable. - These Rules shall be observed by the Regional Trial Courts designated by the Supreme Court as Special Commercial Courts.

第2节。适用法院。——本规则适用的主体是最高法院指定其为特别商事法院的地区初审法院。

SEC. 3. Applicability of the Rules. - These Rules shall apply to all cases involving Intellectual Property Rights.

第3节。规则适用性。——本规则适用于所有涉及知识产权的案件。

When the court determines that the civil or criminal action involves several intertwined issues, it shall issue a special order that the regular procedure prescribed in the Rules of Court shall apply, stating the reason therefor.

法院若认为民事或刑事诉讼涉及几个相互交织的问题，应当发布特别命令，要求该等民事或刑事诉讼可以通过《法庭规则》规定的常规诉讼方式来进行处理，并说明理由。

Where applicable, the Rules of Court shall apply suppletorily to proceedings under these Rules.

在适用情况下，根据本规则处理诉讼时应将《法庭规则》作为补充。

SEC. 4. Executory nature of orders. - Unless restrained by the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals, as the case may be, any order issued by the court under these Rules is immediately executory, except in the following:

第4节。命令的尚未执行性质。——除非最高法院或上诉法院（视情况而定）不予批准，法院依照本规则发布的任何命令应立即执行，但以下情况除外：

1. a) Order of destruction issued under Rule 20 hereof where a motion for reconsideration is filed; and

a）依照本法规则20签发销毁令，并提出复议申请；以及

1. b) Order of release of seized goods where a search warrant is quashed.

b）撤销了搜查令，并签发放行扣押货物命令。

SEC. 5. Verification and supporting documents. — Any pleading filed by any interested party shall be supported by verified statements that the affiant has read the same and that the factual allegations therein are true and correct of his or her personal knowledge, or based on authentic records or on judicial affidavits referred to in Rule 3, Section 5.

第5节。核证和证明文件。——任何利害关系方提交的任何诉状应随附经核证陈述，以作为证明文件；宣誓人已阅读该等陈述，且确认其中的事实指控据其所知真实无误，或者是基于真实记录或规则3第5节中提及的司法宣誓书提出的。

SEC. 6. Duty of the clerk of court. — It shall be the duty of the branch clerk of court to notify in writing the Director-General of the Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines (IPO) within thirty (30) calendar days after the filing of any action, suit or proceeding involving a copyright, trademark, service mark, patent, industrial design, and utility model, including undisclosed information and technology transfer agreement where the subject matter includes an intellectual property right. Provided, that if the action pertains to an application for civil or criminal search warrant in anticipation of an action to be filed, or if such application is incident to a pending action, the notification shall be made within thirty (30) calendar days after the issuance of an order granting or denying the application. Such notice shall set forth: the names and addresses of the litigants and the copyright, trademark, service mark, patent or design registrations involved and, where applicable, the numbers of their certificates of registration.

第6节。法院书记的职责。——法院分院书记负责在任何涉及版权、商标、服务商标、专利、工业品外观设计和实用新型（包括标的物范围涵盖知识产权的未披露的信息和技术转让协议）的诉讼、起诉或诉讼程序提起后三十（30）个日历日内书面通知菲律宾知识产权局局长。但是，如果在诉讼中申请民事或刑事搜查令（预期将提起诉讼），或者因未决诉讼而提出申请，则在有关批准或拒绝申请的命令发布后三十（30）个日历日内发出通知。通知中应说明：诉讼当事人的姓名和地址，所诉版权、商标、服务商标、专利或设计注册，以及（适用时）注册证书的编号。

CIVIL PROCEDURE

民事诉讼

Rule 2

规则2

NATURE OF PROCEEDINGS

诉讼性质

SECTION 1. Scope. — Rules 2 to 9 shall apply to all civil actions for violations of intellectual property rights provided for in Republic Act No. 8293 or the Intellectual Property Code, as amended, including Repetition of Infringement of Patent (Section 84), Utility Model (Section 108) and Industrial Design and Layout of Integrated Circuits (Section 119), Trademark Infringement (Section 155 in relation to Section 170), Unfair Competition (Section 168 in relation to Section 170), False Designations of Origin; False Description or Representation (Section 169.1 in relation to Section 170), infringement of copyright, moral rights, performers, rights, producers’ rights, and broadcasting rights (Section 177, 193, 203, 208 and 211 in relation to Section 216), Infringement of Plant Variety Protection under Republic Act No. 9168 or the Plant Variety Protection Act (Section 47), and other violations of intellectual property rights as may be defined by law.

第1节。范围。——规则2-9应适用于《第8293号共和国法》或经修订的《知识产权法典典》中规定的、侵犯知识产权的所有民事诉讼，包括重复侵犯专利权（第84节）、实用新型（第108节）和外观设计、集成电路布置（第119节）、商标侵权（第155节，与第170节有关）、不正当竞争（第168节，与第170节有关）、虚假的原产地名称、虚假说明或陈述（第169.1节，与第170节有关）、侵犯著作权、人格权、表演者权利、制片人权利和转播权（第177、193、203、208和211节，与第216节有关）、第9168号共和国法或《植物品种保护法》中的侵犯植物品种（第47节）以及法律规定的其他侵犯知识产权的行为。

SEC. 2. Special Commercial Courts with authority to issue writs of search and seizure enforceable nationwide. — Special Commercial Courts in the City of Manila, Quezon City, Makati City, Pasig City, Baguio City, Iloilo City, Cebu City, Cagayan de Oro City, and Davao City shall have authority to act on applications for the issuance of writs of search and seizure in civil actions for violations covered by Section 1 of Rule 2, which writs shall be enforceable nationwide. The issuance of these writs shall be governed by the rules prescribed in Re: Rule on Search and Seizure in Civil Actions for Infringement of Intellectual Property Rights (A.M. No. 02-1-06-SC). Within their respective territorial jurisdictions, the Special Commercial Courts in the judicial regions where the violation of intellectual property rights occurred shall have concurrent jurisdiction to issue writs of search and seizure.

第2节。有权签发可在全国范围内执行的搜查令的特别商事法庭。——如因违反规则2第1节的规定而申请搜查令，马尼拉市、奎松市、马卡蒂市、帕西格市、碧瑶市、怡朗市、宿务市、卡加延-德奥罗市和达沃市的特别商事法庭应有权签发民事诉讼中的搜查令和扣押令，该搜查令和扣押令应可在全国范围内执行。签发令状时，应当遵守以下回复：《知识产权侵权民事诉讼中的搜查和扣押规则》（A.M.第02-1-06-SC号）中规定的规则。如在其司法地区内发生了知识产权侵权行为，上述特别商事法庭在其管辖权内，拥有并行管辖权，可签发搜查令和扣押令。

Rule 3

规则3

COMMENCEMENT OF ACTION

诉讼程序开始

SECTION 1. Pleadings. — The only pleadings allowed to be filed are the complaints, compulsory counterclaims and cross-claims pleaded in the answer, and the answers thereto, as well as those not expressly prohibited under Section 4 of this Rule. All pleadings shall be verified.

第1节。诉状。——允许提交的诉状只有随答辩提出的起诉、强制反诉和交叉诉讼，以及答辩和本规则第4条未明确禁止的诉状。所有诉状必须经过核实。

SEC. 2. Who may file an action under these Rules. - Any intellectual property right owner, or anyone possessing any exclusive right, title or interest under claim of ownership in any intellectual property right, or an exclusive licensee to a copyright, whose right may have been violated, may file an action under these Rules.

第2节。本规则诉讼主体。——任何知识产权所有人，拥有任何知识产权所有权主张下的、任何专有权、所有权或其他权益的人员或版权的独家被许可人，可以根据本规则提起侵权诉讼。

Any person who is a national, or who is domiciled, or has a real and effective industrial establishment in a country which is a party to any convention, treaty or agreement relating to intellectual property rights or the repression of unfair competition, to which the Philippines is also a party, or extends reciprocal rights to nationals of the Philippines by law, shall be entitled to file an action under these Rules.

任何人，如果在菲律宾加入的涉及知识产权或制止不正当竞争、或法律赋予菲律宾国民互惠权利的任何公约、条约或协定的任一缔约国拥有国籍、住所或真实有效的工业场所；该等人员有权根据本规则提起诉讼。

Any foreign national or juridical person who meets the requirements of the immediately preceding paragraph, and does not engage in business in the Philippines, may also file an action under these Rules.

符合前款要求且不在菲律宾从事商业活动的任何外国公民或法人也可以根据本规则提起诉讼。

SEC. 3. Form and contents of the complaint. — The complaint shall be verified and shall state the full names of the parties to the case. Facts showing the capacity of a party to sue or be sued, or the authority of a party to sue or be sued in a representative capacity, or the legal existence of an organized association of persons that is made a party, must be averred. In case of juridical entities, proof of capacity to sue must be attached to the complaint.

第3节。起诉形式和内容。——起诉应经过核实，并说明案件当事人的全名。必须证明以下事实：表明一方当事人有起诉或被起诉的能力，或一方当事人有权以代表身份起诉或被起诉，或作为一方当事人的有组织团体的合法存在。就法人实体而言，起诉必须附上起诉能力证明。

The complaint shall contain a concise statement of the ultimate facts, including the evidence, constituting the complainant’s cause(s) of action. It shall specify the relief(s) sought, but it may add a general prayer for such further or other relief(s) as may be deemed just or equitable.

起诉应包含一份构成起诉人诉讼理由的简要最终事实陈述（包括证据）。该起诉应说明所寻求的救济，也可以增加寻求公正或公平的进一步或其他救济的普通诉求。

The judicial affidavits referred to in Section 5 hereof and the relevant evidence shall be made part of the complaint.

本规则第5节提及的司法宣誓书和相关证据是起诉的一部分。

The complaint shall include a certification that the party commencing the action has not filed any other action or proceeding involving the same issue(s) before any tribunal, agency, or quasi-judicial body nor is such action or proceeding pending before any other tribunal, agency or quasi-judicial body; Provided, however, that if any such action is pending, the status of the same must be stated, and should knowledge thereof be acquired after the filing of the complaint, the party concerned shall undertake to notify the court within five (5) calendar days from such knowledge.

起诉还应包括一份证明，证明诉讼方未曾向任何法庭、机构或准司法机关就同一问题提起其他任何诉讼或程序，也不存在其他任何法庭、机构和准司法机关提起的未决诉讼或程序；但是，（若存在）任何未决诉讼必须说明状态，有关当事人若在起诉提出后得知有关情况，承诺在得知后的五（5）个日历日内通知法院。

When the party-litigant is a juridical entity, the verification/certification of non-forum shopping required should be executed by a natural person duly authorized by the juridical entity, through a special power of attorney or a resolution issued by the juridical entity for the purpose, attached to the complaint.

诉讼一方是法人实体时，其授权的自然人应当根据法人实体为此目的而发布的特别授权书或决议书（附在起诉中）提供所要求的非选择法院核实/证明。

The complaint shall further be accompanied by proof of payment of docket and other lawful fees.

起诉还应随附有诉讼费及其他法律费用的缴费凭证。

Failure to comply with the foregoing requirements shall not be remedied by mere amendment of the complaint. The court, motu proprio, shall dismiss the case without prejudice.

如未能满足上述要求，则不得仅通过修改起诉进行补救。法院应自行驳回案件（可以再次提起）。

The submission of a false certification or non-compliance with any of the undertakings therein shall constitute indirect contempt, without prejudice to the corresponding administrative, civil and criminal liabilities. If the acts of a party or their counsel clearly constitute willful and deliberate forum shopping, the same shall be a ground for summary dismissal with prejudice and shall constitute direct contempt.

提交伪造证明或不遵守任何承诺的，应构成间接藐视，同时不影响承担相应的行政、民事和刑事责任。如果一方当事人或其律师的行为明显构成故意和蓄意选择法院，应当成为立即驳回起诉（且不可再次提起）的理由，并构成直接藐视法庭。

SEC. 4. Prohibited pleadings and motions. — The following pleadings and motions are prohibited:

第4节。禁止的诉状和申请。——禁止提起下列诉状和申请：

1. a) Motion to dismiss, except on the following grounds:

a）驳回诉讼的申请，但以下列为理由的除外：

1) That the court has no jurisdiction over the subject matter;

1）法院对标的物没有管辖权；

2) That there is another action pending between the same parties for the same cause; or

2）相同当事方就相同理由仍存有一项未决诉讼；或

3) That the cause of action is barred by a prior judgment or by statute of limitation;

3）诉因因先前判决或诉讼时效而视为无效；

1. b) Motion for reconsideration of a final order or judgment, except with regard to an order of destruction issued under Rule 20 hereof;

b）对终审裁定或判决进行复议的申请，但根据本法规则20发出的销毁令除外；

1. c) Reply, except when an actionable document is attached in the Answer;

c）答辩（除非答辩书附起诉文书）；

1. d) Petition for relief from judgment;

d）免除判决的申请；

1. e) Motion for extension of time to file pleadings or other written submissions, except for the answer for meritorious reasons and provided that only one (1) motion for extension of time to file an answer shall be allowed, which shall not exceed thirty (30) calendar days;

e）延长提交诉状或其他书面陈词时间的申请，但有正当理由的答辩除外，并且只允许提出一（1）项延长提交答辩时间（不超过三十（30）个日历日）的请求；

1. f) Motion for postponement, except if it is based on acts of God, force majeure, or physical inability of the witness to appear and testify. The grounds raised for the postponement of the hearing due to physical inability of the witness to appear must be justified and substantiated. A motion for postponement, whether written or oral, shall, at all times, be accompanied by the original official receipt from the Office of the Clerk of Court evidencing payment of the postponement fee under Section 21(b), Rule 141 of the Rules of Court, to be submitted either at the time of the filing of said motion or not later than the next hearing date;

f）延期审理的申请，除由于天灾、不可抗力或者证人由于身体原因不能出庭作证的外。证人由于身体原因不能出庭，申请延期审理的理由必须合理、有根据。在任何时间，提出延期审理的书面或口头申请时，均须随附法院书记员办公室签发的正式收据正本，证明已按照《法庭规则》中规则141第21（b）节的规定，支付了延期审理费用；应在提出上述申请时或在下一次审理日期前提交。

1. g) Third-party complaint;

g）第三方起诉；

1. h) Motion to hear affirmative defenses; and

h）听取肯定性抗辩的申请；及

1. i) Any pleading or motion which is similar to or of like effect as any of the foregoing.

i）与上述任何一项相同或具有相同效果的任何诉状或申请。

SEC. 5. Judicial Affidavits. — The judicial affidavits required to be submitted with the complaint in a question-and-answer format numbered consecutively shall state only facts of direct personal knowledge of the affiants which are admissible in evidence. The judicial affidavits shall also show the competence of the affiants to testify to the matters stated therein.

第5节。司法宣誓书。——与起诉一起提交的司法宣誓书，以问答形式连续编号，只陈述宣誓人自己直接得知的、可以作为证据的事实。司法宣誓书还应表明宣誓人有权对所述事项进行作证。

A violation of this requirement may subject the party or the counsel who submits the same to disciplinary action, and shall be a ground for the court to order that the inadmissible affidavit or portion thereof be expunged from the records.

违反此要求可能使提交宣誓书的一方或律师受到纪律处罚，并且法院可以以此为理由，下令从记录中删除不能接受的宣誓书或其部分。

SEC. 6. Failure to file complaint where a writ of search and seizure is issued. — Upon motion of the party whose goods have been seized, with notice to the applicant, the issuing court may lift its writ and order the return of the seized goods if no case is filed with the appropriate court and/or quasi-judicial agency, including the IPO, within forty-five (45) calendar days from the date of issuance of the writ.

第6节。签发搜查令和扣押令之后未提出起诉。——在货物被扣押一方提出申请并通知申请人后，如果自签发令状之日起四十五（45）个日历日内未在适当的法院和/或准司法机关（包括知识产权局）进行立案，签发法院可撤销令状并命令退还扣押货物。

If upon hearing of the motion, even when no complaint was filed but the seized goods are hazardous under Rule 20, upon due notice to appropriate government regulatory agencies, the court shall order the destruction of the same.

如果对申请听证时，即使尚未提起诉讼，但根据规则20，扣押货物发生危险，经适当通知有关政府监管机构后，法院应命令销毁扣押货物。

If no motion for the return of the seized goods is filed within sixty (60) calendar days from the issuance of the writ under the first paragraph, the court shall order the disposal and/or destruction of the goods, as may be warranted under Rule 20, after hearing with notice to the parties.

如果在根据第一款发出令状后的六十（60）个日历日内未提出归还扣押货物的申请，法院应向当事人发出通知，并进行听证后，根据规则20的规定下令处置和/或销毁货物。

Rule 4

规则4

SUMMONS, ORDERS, COURT PROCESSES, AND ANSWER

传票、命令、法庭诉讼文件和答辩书

SECTION 1. Summons. - The summons and the complaint, including its attachments, shall be served not later than five (5) calendar days from receipt of the complaint by the court to which it is assigned or raffled.

第1节。传票。——传票和起诉文件（包括附件）应在指定或抽签法院收到起诉后五（5）个日历日内送达。

SEC. 2. Service of summons, orders and other court processes. — Summons, orders and other court processes may be served by the sheriff, their deputy or other proper court officer or for justifiable reasons, by the counsel or representative of the plaintiff or any suitable person authorized by the court issuing the summons.

第2节。传票、命令及其他法庭诉讼文件的送达。——传票、命令及其他法庭诉讼文件可以由治安官、其副手或其他适当的法院官员送达，或是（出于正当理由）由原告的律师或代表，或发出传票的法院授权的任何适当人员送达。

Any private person who is authorized by the court to serve summons, orders and other court processes shall, for that purpose, be considered an officer of the court.

任何法院授权出于此目的，送达传票、命令和其他法庭诉讼文件的个人应当视为法院官员。

If, for justifiable causes, the defendant cannot be served personally after at least three (3) attempts on two (2) different dates, service may be effected:

如果（出于正当理由）在两（2）个不同日期至少联系三（3）次仍无法亲自送达被告，可以通过以下方式送达：

1. a) By leaving copies of the summons at the defendant’s residence to a person at least eighteen (18) years of age and of sufficient discretion residing therein;

a）将传票副本转交给居住在被告住所内、年满十八（18）岁且有充分自由裁量权的人；

1. b) By leaving copies of the summons at the defendant's office or regular place of business with some competent person in charge thereof. A competent person includes, but is not limited to, one who customarily receives correspondences for the defendant;

b）将传票副本转交给被告的办公室或营业场所的适当负责人。该适当负责人包括但不限于通常代替被告接收信件的人员；

1. c) By leaving copies of the summons, if refused entry upon making his or her authority and purpose known, with any of the officers of the homeowners’ association or condominium corporation, or its chief security officer in charge of the community or the building where the defendant may be found; and

c）如果在告知其权限和目的后拒绝进入，将传票副本转交给房主协会或共管公寓公司的任何工作人员，或可能找到被告的其所在社区或房屋的安保主任；以及

1. d) By sending an electronic mail to the defendant’s electronic mail address, if allowed by the court.

d）如果法院允许，向被告的邮箱发送电子邮件。

When the defendant is a foreign private juridical entity which has transacted or is doing business in the Philippines, as defined by law, service may be made on its resident agent designated in accordance with law for that purpose, or, if there be no such agent, on the government official designated by law to that effect, or on any of its officers, agents, directors or trustees within the Philippines.

被告如果是一个曾经或目前在菲律宾依法开展业务的外国私人法人实体，依法可以向其指定的常驻代理人送达文书，或者，如果没有此类代理人，向法律指定的政府官员，其菲律宾境内的高管、代理人、董事或受托人送达文书。

If the foreign private juridical entity is not registered in the Philippines, or has no resident agent but has transacted or is doing business in it, as defined by law, such service may, with leave of court, be effected outside of the Philippines through any of the following means:

如果外国私人法人实体未在菲律宾注册，或没有常驻代理人，但其曾经或目前在菲律宾依法开展业务，经法院批准后，可以通过以下任何方式在菲律宾境外送达文书：

1. a) By personal service coursed through the appropriate court in the foreign country with the assistance of the Department of Foreign Affairs;

a）在外交部的协助下，通过适当的外国法院送达文书；

1. b) By publication once in a newspaper of general circulation in the country where the defendant may be found and by serving a copy of the summons and the court order by registered mail at the last known address of the defendant;

b）在被告可能所在国家的全国性报纸上进行一次刊登，并通过挂号信的方式将传票和法院命令的副本送达被告的最后已知地址；

1. c) By facsimile;

c）通过传真；

1. d) By electronic means with the prescribed proof of service; or

d）通过电子方式（附上规定的送达证明）；或

1. e) By such other means as the court, in its discretion, may direct.

e）法院酌情确定的其他方式。

Should either personal or substituted service fail, summons by publication shall be allowed. In the case of juridical entities, summons by publication shall be done by indicating the names of the officers or their duly authorized representative. Extraterritorial service of summons, as provided for in international conventions to which the Philippines is a party, shall also be allowed.

如果亲自送达或代为送达失败，允许刊登传票公告。就法人实体而言，公告必须注明官员或授权代表的姓名。此外，还允许根据菲律宾作为缔约国的国际公约的规定，在领土外送达传票。

SEC. 3. Answer. - Within thirty (30) calendar days from service of summons, the defendant shall file his or her answer to the complaint, including the evidence therein, and serve a copy thereof on the plaintiff. Affirmative and negative defenses not pleaded in the answer shall be deemed waived, except when the court has no jurisdiction over the subject matter, when there is another action pending between the same parties for the same cause, or when the action is barred by a prior judgment or by the statute of limitations. Cross-claims and compulsory counterclaims not asserted in the answer shall be considered barred. The answer to counterclaims or cross-claims shall be filed and served within fifteen (15) calendar days from service of the answer in which they are pleaded.

第3节。答辩书。——在传票送达后的三十（30）个日历日内，被告应提交起诉答辩书（包括相关证据），并将副本送达给原告。在答辩书中未提出肯定性和否定性抗辩应当视为弃权，但下列情形除外：法院对标的物没有管辖权；相同当事方就相同理由仍存有一项未决诉讼；或，诉讼因先前判决或诉讼时效而视为无效。答辩书中未提出的交叉诉讼和强制反诉应当视为无效。在答辩书送达后的十五（15）个日历日内，提交并送达反诉或交叉诉讼的答辩书。

SEC. 4. Effect of failure to answer. - Should the defendant fail to answer the complaint within the period stated above, the court, motu proprio or on motion of the plaintiff, shall render judgment as may be warranted by the allegations of the complaint, as well as the affidavits and other evidence on record, unless the court in its discretion requires the plaintiff to submit additional evidence. Such reception of additional evidence may be delegated to the clerk of court. In no case shall the court award a relief beyond or different from that prayed for; Provided, that the court may, in its discretion, reduce the amount of damages and attorney’s fees claimed for being excessive or otherwise unconscionable.

第4节。未答辩的影响。——如果被告未在上述期限内提交起诉答辩书，法院除视情况要求原告提交其它证据外，自行或按照原告的申请，基于在案的指控、宣誓书以及其他证据作出判决。前述其它证据的接收可以委托给法院书记。在任何情况下，法院不得给予原告超出其请求或与其请求不一致的救济；但是，法院可以酌情减少因过高或不合理的索赔而引起的损害赔偿金及律师费。

SEC. 5. Judicial Affidavits. — The judicial affidavits required to be submitted with the answer in a question-and-answer format numbered consecutively shall state only facts of direct personal knowledge of the affiants which are admissible in evidence. The judicial affidavits shall also show the competence of the affiants to testify to the matters stated therein.

第5节。司法宣誓书。——与答辩书一起提交的司法宣誓书，以问答形式连续编号，只陈述宣誓人自己直接得知的、可以作为证据的事实。司法宣誓书还应表明宣誓人有权对所述事项进行作证。

A violation of this requirement may subject the party or the counsel who submits the same to disciplinary action, and shall be ground for the court to order that the inadmissible affidavit or portion thereof be expunged from the records.

违反此要求可能使提交宣誓书的一方或律师受到纪律处罚，并且法院可以以此为理由，下令从记录中删除不能接受的宣誓书或其部分。

Rule 5

规则5

MODES OF DISCOVERY

证据开示模式

SECTION 1. In general. - A party can avail of any of the modes of discovery in accordance with the Rules of Court not later than thirty (30) calendar days from the joinder of issues.

第1节。总则。——一方可以根据《法庭规则》的规定，在不迟于争端合并后三十（30）个日历日内采用任何证据开示模式。

SEC. 2. Objections. — Any mode of discovery, such as interrogatories, request for admission, production or inspection of documents or things, may be objected to within ten (10) calendar days from receipt of the request for discovery and only on the ground that the matter requested is manifestly incompetent, immaterial, or irrelevant or is undisclosed information or privileged in nature, or the request is for harassment. The requesting party may comment in writing within three (3) calendar days from receipt of the objection. Thereafter, the court shall rule on the objection not later than ten (10) calendar days from receipt of the comment or the expiration of the three-day period.

第2节。异议。——在收到开示证据请求后的十（10）个日历日内，可对任何证据开示模式（如质询、供述请求、出示或检查文件或物品）提出异议，理由是所请求的事项明显不适当、不重要或无关，属于未披露信息或特许信息，或请求是骚扰行为。请求方可以在收到异议后的三（3）个日历日内，以书面形式提出其意见。随后，法院在收到请求方的意见后的十（10）个日历日内或三天期限届满后对异议作出裁定。

SEC. 3. Depositions. — Upon ex parte motion of a party, the deponent may be examined regarding any matter, not privileged, which is relevant to the subject of the pending action, subject to the provisions of Rule 23 of the Rules of Court.

第3节。宣誓作证。——根据一方当事人的单方面申请，根据《法庭规则》规则23的规定，可以对宣誓人进行与未决诉讼主题有关的、任何非特权事项方面的审查。

The court may allow a deponent to give his or her deposition through electronic means, such as teleconferencing or videoconferencing.

法院允许宣誓人通过电子方式（电话会议或视频会议等）提供书面证词。

The other modes of discovery under the Rules of Court, including the use of electronic means, shall be allowed.

此外，还允许采用《法庭规则》规定的其他证据开示模式，包括使用电子手段。

SEC. 4. Production or inspection of documents or things. — Upon motion of any party showing good cause therefor, the court where the action is pending may order any party to produce documents, papers, books, accounts, letters, photographs, or files, or its electronic counterpart, and/or to permit the inspection and copying or photographing thereof, by or on behalf of the moving party.

第4节。出示或检查文件或物品。——根据任何一方提出的申请（附有充分的理由），未决诉讼的法院可以命令任何一方出示文件、记录、账簿、账目、信件、照片、档案或其电子副本，并允许申请提出者或其代表对上述出示的文件或物品进行检查、复制或拍照。

SEC. 5. Compliance. - Compliance with any mode of discovery shall be made within ten (10) calendar days from receipt of the request for discovery, or if there are objections, from notice of the ruling of the court.

第5节。遵守情况。——在收到证据开示请求后的十（10）个日历日内，或在有异议的情况下，在收到法院裁定通知后的十（10）个日历日内，应当遵守任何证据开示模式。

SEC. 6. Sanctions. - The sanctions prescribed by the Rules of Court in relation to the modes of discovery shall apply.

第6节。制裁。——《法庭规则》规定的与证据开示模式有关的制裁应当适用。

Rule 6

规则6

PRE-TRIAL

预审。

SECTION 1. Pre-trial; mandatory nature. — Within five (5) calendar days after the period for availing of, or compliance with, any of the modes of discovery prescribed in Rule 5 hereof, whichever comes later, the handling court shall immediately issue a notice setting the case for pre-trial and directing the parties to submit their respective pre-trial briefs. The notice of pre-trial shall include the dates respectively set for:

第1节。预审；强制性。——主审法院应在采用或遵守本法规则5规定的任何证据开示模式期限（以较晚者为准）后的五（5）个日历日内，立即发出通知，将案件状态设定为预审，并指示当事人提交各自的预审案情摘要。预审通知应包括以下事项的日期：

1. a) Pre-trial;

a）预审；

1. b) Court-Annexed Mediation; and

b）法院附带调解；及

1. c) Judicial Dispute Resolution, if necessary.

c）司法纠纷解决（如果有必要）。

The parties shall file with the court and furnish each other copies of their respective pre-trial briefs in such manner as to ensure receipt by the court and the other party at least five (5) calendar days before the date set for the pre-trial.

当事人应当向法院提交各自的预审案情摘要，并向其他当事人提供副本，从而确保法院和另一方当事人至少在规定的预审日期前五（5）个日历日收到预审案情摘要。

The parties shall set forth in their pre-trial briefs, among other matters, the following:

除其他事项外，当事人应当在其预审案情摘要中说明以下事项：

1. a) A concise statement of the case and the reliefs prayed for;

a）案件和所请求救济的简要陈述；

1. b) A summary of admitted facts and proposed stipulation of facts;

b）已供述事实的摘要，以及拟议的事实规定；

1. c) The main factual and legal issues to be tried or resolved;

c）需要审理或解决的主要事实和法律问题；

1. d) The propriety of referral of factual issues to an expert or committee of experts under Section 4 of Rule 17;

d）根据规则17第4节的规定，将事实问题提交给专家或专家委员会的适当性；

1. e) The documents or other object evidence to be marked, stating the purpose thereof;

e）需要标记的文件或其他实物证据，说明目的；

1. f) The names of the witnesses, and the summary of their respective testimonies;

f）证人的姓名，以及其各自证词的摘要；

1. g) A brief statement of points of law and citation of authorities;

g）法律要点的简要说明，对法律权威的援引；

1. h) Requests for closed door hearings in cases involving trade secrets, undisclosed information and patents; and

h）请求对涉及商业秘密、未披露信息和专利的案件进行不公开审理；以及

1. i) Such other matters as may aid in the just and speedy disposition of the case.

i）其他有助于公正、快速处理案件的事项。

SEC. 2. Nature and purpose of pre-trial. - Before the pre-trial, the court shall require the marking of documentary or object evidence by the branch clerk of court or any authorized court personnel.

第2节。预审的性质和目的。——在预审之前，法院应要求分院书记或任何经授权的法院人员对书面证据或实物证据进行标记。

During the pre-trial, the court shall, with its active participation, ensure that the parties consider in detail all of the following:

预审期间，法院应积极参与，并督促当事人认真考虑以下所有事项：

1. a) The possibility of an amicable settlement;

a）友好解决的可能性；

1. b) Facts that need not be proven, either because they are matters of judicial notice, or expressly or deemed admitted;

b）不需要证明的事实，无论是司法通知事项，还是明确供述的或视为供述的；

1. c) The possibility of obtaining stipulations and admissions of facts and documents;

c）获得规定和供述事实和文件的可能性；

1. d) Objections to the admissibility of testimonial, documentary and other evidence;

d）对陈词证据、文件证据和其他证据的可采用性提出的异议；

1. e) Simplification of the issues; and

e）简化问题；及

1. f) Such other matters as may aid in the speedy and summary disposition of the case.

f）其他有助于快速处理案件的事项。

SEC. 3. Termination. - The pre-trial shall be terminated not later than thirty (30) calendar days after its commencement.

第3节。结束。——预审应在开始之日起三十（30）个日历日内结束。

SEC. 4. Pre-Trial Order. - On the day of the termination of the pre-trial, the court shall issue a pre-trial order, which shall recite in detail the matters taken up. The order shall include:

第4节。预审令。——预审结束当日，法院应发布预审令，说明预审中的事项：预审令应包括：

1. a) An enumeration of the admitted facts;

a）列举供述的事实；

1. b) The minutes of the pre-trial conference;

b）预审会议记录；

1. c) The legal and factual issue/s to be tried;

c）待审理的法律和事实问题；

1. d) The applicable law, rules, and jurisprudence;

d）适用的法律、规则和判例；

1. e) The evidence marked;

e）标记的证据；

1. f) The specific trial dates for continuous trial, which shall be within the period provided by these Rules;

f）连续审理的具体审理日期，应当在本规则规定的期限内；

1. g) The case flowchart to be determined by the court, which shall contain the different stages of the proceedings up to the promulgation of the decision and the use of time frames for each stage in setting the trial dates;

g）法院确定的案件流程图，包括截至判决公布前诉讼程序的不同阶段，以及在确定审理日期时，使用的每个阶段的时间框架；

1. h) A statement that the one-day examination of witness rule and most important witness rule under A.M. No. 03-1-09-SC (Guidelines for Pre-Trial) shall be strictly followed; and

h）声明应严格遵守A.M. 第03-1-09-Sc号（预审指南）中的“一天询问证人规则”和“最重要证人规则”；以及

1. i) Any of the following statements:

i）以下任何声明：

1. That the court shall render judgment immediately upon termination of the pre-trial, such as judgment on the pleadings or summary judgment under the Rules of Court;

i.预审结束后，法院应当立即作出判决，例如根据《法庭规则》对诉状作出判决或即决判决；

1. That the court shall require submission of position papers under Section 7 herein;

ii.法院应当根据本规则第7节要求，要求提交立场文件；

1. That the court shall conduct clarification hearings under Section 8 herein;

iii.法院应当根据本规则第8节要求，进行澄清听证会；

1. That the court shall refer the case to an expert or committee of experts under Section 4 of Rule 17 herein; or

iv.法院应当根据本法规则17第4节要求，将案件提交给专家或专家委员会；或

1. That the court shall conduct trial.

v.法院作为审理机关。

Postponement of presentation of the parties’ witnesses at a scheduled date is prohibited, except if it is based on acts of God, force majeure or duly substantiated physical inability of the witness to appear and testify. The party who caused the postponement must still terminate the presentation of its evidence within the remaining dates previously agreed upon.

禁止将当事人证人出庭的预定日期推迟，除非是由于天灾、不可抗力或（经证实）证人由于身体原因不能出庭作证的。造成延期的当事人在先前商定的剩余日期内仍不得出示证据。

Should the opposing party fail to appear without valid cause stated in the next preceding paragraph, the presentation of the scheduled witness will proceed with the absent party being deemed to have waived the right to interpose objection and conduct cross-examination.

如果对方当事人无上一款所述正当理由而未出庭，拟定证人仍将出庭，而视为缺席的当事人放弃提出异议和进行质证的权利。

The contents of the pre-trial order shall control the subsequent proceedings, unless modified before trial to prevent manifest injustice.

对于预审令，除非在审理前，为防止明显的不公正而进行了修改，在随后的诉讼中不得修改。

SEC. 5. Court-Annexed Mediation and Judicial Dispute Resolution. - On the day of the termination of the pre-trial, the court shall refer the parties for mandatory court-annexed mediation.

第5节。法院附带调解和司法纠纷解决。——在预审结束之日，法院应当命令双方当事人进行法院附设强制性调解。

The period for court-annexed mediation shall not exceed thirty (30) calendar days and is non-extendible.

法院附带调解期限不得超过三十（30）个日历日，且不得延长。

If the court-annexed mediation failed and only if the judge of the court to which the case was originally raffled is convinced that settlement is still possible, the case may be referred to another court for judicial dispute resolution (JDR). The JDR shall be conducted within a non-extendible period of fifteen (15) calendar days from notice of the JDR court of the failure of the court-annexed mediation. The period for judicial dispute resolution shall not exceed fifteen (15) calendar days and is non-extendible.

如果法院附带调解失败，只有在案件最初受理法院的法官认为仍有和解的可能情况下，才能将案件提交至另一家法院进行司法纠纷解决（JDR）。司法纠纷解决期限是自原法院通知法院附带调解失败之日算起的十五（15）个日历日，且不得延长。司法纠纷解决期限不得超过十五（15）个日历日，且不得延长。

If judicial dispute resolution fails, trial before the original court shall proceed on the dates agreed upon.

司法纠纷解决失败的，原法院应当按照约定的日期进行审理。

All proceedings during the court-annexed mediation and the judicial dispute resolution shall be confidential.

在法院附带调解和司法纠纷解决期间，所有诉讼程序应当保密。

SEC. 6. Effect of failure to appear. - The failure of the plaintiff to submit a pre-trial brief within the specified period or to appear in the pre-trial, court-annexed mediation and, if necessary, judicial dispute resolution, shall be cause for the dismissal of the complaint with prejudice, unless otherwise ordered by the court. The defendant who submits a pre-trial brief and who appears during the pre-trial shall be entitled to a judgment on the counterclaim unless the court requires evidence ex parte for a judgment. Any cross-claim shall be dismissed.

第6节。未出庭的影响。——除非法院另有命令，原告未在规定期限内提交预审案情摘要，或未出席预审、法院附带调解以及（必要时）司法纠纷解决的，应当成为驳回起诉（且不可再次提起）的理由。除非法院要求提交作出裁决所需的单方面证据，被告提交预审案情摘要并在预审期间出庭的，有权就反诉获得判决。任何交叉诉讼应予以驳回。

The failure of the defendant to submit a pre-trial brief within the specified period or to appear in the pre-trial, court-annexed mediation and, if necessary, judicial dispute resolution shall be a cause for the dismissal of the counterclaim. The plaintiff who submits a pre-trial brief and who appears during the pre-trial shall be entitled to a judgment on the complaint unless the court requires evidence ex parte for a judgment.

被告未在规定期限内提交预审案情摘要，或未出席预审、法院附带调解以及（必要时）司法纠纷解决的，应当成为驳回交叉诉讼的理由。除非法院要求提交作出裁决所需的单方面证据，原告提交预审案情摘要并在预审期间出庭的，有权就起诉获得判决。

SEC. 7. Submission of position papers. - If the case is to be submitted for decision on the basis of position papers, the court, in the Pre-Trial Order, shall direct the parties to file their respective position papers, setting forth the law and the facts relied upon by them and other evidence on the factual issues defined in the order, or, if so desired, the respective draft decisions of both parties, within a non-extendible period of thirty (30) calendar days from receipt of the order. No reply or rejoinder position paper shall be allowed.

第7节。提交立场文件。——如果案件裁定需要以立场文件为依据的，在预审令中，法院应当指示当事人自收到命令之日起三十（30）个日历日（不可延长）内提交各自的立场文件，列出其依据的法律和事实，以及命令中规定的、与事实问题有关的其它证据，或（如果需要）双方当事人各自的决定草案。立场文件不得答辩或反驳。

SEC. 8. Clarification hearing or hearings following pre-trial. - If there are matters to be clarified, the court shall include in the Pre-Trial Order the schedule of clarification hearing or hearings, which must commence within thirty (30) calendar days from the termination of the pre-trial, and be completed not later than fifteen (15) calendar days thereafter.

第8节。澄清听证会或预审后的听证会。——如果有需要澄清的事项，法院应在预审令中列入澄清听证会议程，必须在预审结束后三十（30）个日历日内开始并在此后十五（15）个日历日内结束。

At least three (3) calendar days before the scheduled clarification hearing, the parties may submit questions which the court, in its discretion, may propound.

在拟定的澄清听证会召开前至少三（3）个日历日，当事人可以向法院提交问题，是否考虑由法院自行决定。

SEC. 9. Schedule of trial. - If the court deems it necessary to hold trial, the court shall include in the Pre-Trial Order the schedule of hearings, which shall begin within sixty (60) calendar days from the termination of the pre-trial or the clarification hearing/s, whichever is later. The trial shall be completed not later than sixty (60) calendar days from the date of the initial trial, excluding the period when the case is referred to an expert or committee of experts under Section 4 of Rule 17.

第9节。审理时间表。——法院如果认为有必要进行审理，应当在预审令中列入听证会议程，在预审或澄清听证会结束（以较晚者为准）后的六十（60）个日历日内开始。审理应当在初审之日起六十（60）个日历日内结束，不包括根据规则17第4节要求将案件移交给专家或专家委员会的时间。

Rule 7

规则7

CLARIFICATION HEARING AND TRIAL

澄清听证会及审理

SECTION 1. Clarification hearings. - During clarification hearing or hearings, parties must have representatives or their counsels, with special power of attorney or resolution as the case may be, ready for questioning by the court.

第1节。澄清听证会。——在澄清听证会或听证会期间，当事人必须委托代表或其律师出席，（根据具体情况）提供特别授权书或决议，并随时准备好应对法院质询。

Immediately after termination of such clarification hearing(s), the court shall order the parties to file, within ten (10) calendar days from such date, their respective position papers as required under Section 7 of the preceding Rule.

在此类澄清听证会结束后，法院应立即命令当事人自该日期起十（10）个日历日内，按照上述规则第7节的要求提交各自的立场文件。

SEC. 2. Clarification hearing or hearings following submission of position papers. - Upon submission of the parties’ position papers after the pre-trial as required under Section 7 of the preceding Rule, and the court deems it necessary to hold clarification hearing or hearings on any matter before rendering judgment, it shall set the case for such purpose.

第2节。提交立场文件后的澄清听证会或听证会。——上述规则第7节要求，在预审结束后应当提交当事人的立场文件，法院认为，有必要在作出判决之前就任何事项举行澄清听证会或听证会，以此为依据来定案。

The order setting the case for clarification hearing must be issued not later than fifteen (15) calendar days after receipt of the last position paper or the expiration of the period for filing the same and the clarification hearing must be scheduled within fifteen (15) calendar days from the issuance of such order and completed not later than fifteen (15) calendar days.

在收到最后一份立场文件后的十五（15）个日历日内或提交该立场文件的期限届满后发布召开澄清听证会（以此为依据来定案）的命令，在该命令发布后的十五（15）个日历日内必须安排澄清听证会，并在不迟于十五（15）个日历日内结束。

SEC. 3. Period of trial. - A period not exceeding thirty (30) calendar days shall be allotted to the plaintiff and a similar period to the defendant in the manner prescribed in the Pre-Trial Order. The failure of a party to present a witness on a scheduled trial date shall be deemed a waiver of such trial date. However, a party may present such witness or witnesses within the party’s remaining allotted trial dates. No postponement shall be allowed by the judge except for acts of God, force majeure or physical inability of the witness to appear and testify, in accordance with Section 4 (f) of Rule 3.

第3节。审理期间。——应按照预审令规定的方式，给予原告和被告不超过三十（30）个日历日的期限。一方当事人未在预定的审理日期出庭作证，应视为放弃在该日出庭作证。但该当事人可以在其剩余的指定审理日期内出庭作证。根据规则3第4（f）节，除天灾、不可抗力或证人由于身体原因不能出庭作证外，法官不得延期审理。

SEC. 4. Offer of and ruling on evidence. - Evidence presented during the trial and not otherwise admitted by the parties or ruled upon by the court during the pre-trial shall be offered orally immediately after the completion of the presentation of evidence of the party concerned. The opposing party shall immediately raise the objections on the offer of evidence, and thereafter, the court shall at once rule on the offer and objections in open court.

第4节。提供证据并以此为依据作出裁决。——在审理期间提出的证据，当事人未另行供认或者法院在预审期间未作出裁定的，法院应当在提供完证据后立即作出口头裁定。对方当事人应当对提供的证据立即提出异议，此后，法院应当立即在公开法庭上对提供的证据和异议作出裁定。

SEC. 5. Submission of memoranda or draft decisions. - Immediately after an oral ruling on the last offer of evidence, the court may order the parties to simultaneously submit their memoranda and/or respective draft decisions, within a non-extendible period of thirty (30) calendar days.

第5节。提交备忘录或决定草案。——在对最后一次提供的证据作出口头裁定后，法院可以立即命令当事人在三十（30）个日历日（不可延长）内提交备忘录和各自的决定草案。

Rule 8

规则8

JUDGMENT

判决

SECTION 1. When to render judgment. - Where the case is submitted for decision immediately after pre-trial in accordance with Section 4(i)(i) of Rule 6, the court shall render judgment within sixty (60) calendar days after pre-trial.

第1节。何时作出判决。——如果按照规则6第4（i）（i）节，在预审结束后立即将案件提交裁定，法院应在预审结束后六十（60）个日历日内作出判决。

Where the parties are required to submit position papers under Section 7 of Rule 6 or Section 1 of Rule 7, the court shall render judgment within sixty (60) calendar days from receipt of the last position paper, or upon the expiration of the period to file the same.

如果规则6第7节或规则7第1节规定双方当事人必须提交立场文件，法院应当在收到最后一份立场文件后的六十（60）个日历日内或在提交该立场文件的期限届满后作出判决。

Where a clarification hearing is conducted under Section 2 of Rule 7, the court shall render judgment within sixty (60) calendar days from the termination of the last clarification hearing.

如果根据规则7第2节举办澄清听证会，法院应在最后一次澄清听证会结束后的六十（60）个日历日内作出判决。

Where the court conducted trial, it shall render judgment within sixty (60) calendar days from the oral ruling on the last offer of evidence, or, when required by the court, from submission of the memoranda or draft decision under Section 5 of Rule 7, or upon the expiration of the period to file thereof.

法院如果依法进行了审理，应当在对最后一次提供的证据作出口头裁定后的六十（60）个日历日内作出判决，或在根据规则7第5节的要求，（法院要求时）提交备忘录或决定草案后或在提交备忘录或决定草案的期限届满时作出判决。

SEC. 2. Judgments executory pending appeal. - Unless restrained by a higher court, the judgment of the court shall be executory even pending appeal under such terms and conditions as the court may prescribe.

第2节。尚未生效的判决（等候上诉）。——除非受到上级法院的限制，否则即使在上诉期间，也应根据法院规定的条款和条件执行初审法院的判决。

Rule 9

规则9

APPEAL

上诉

SECTION 1. Who may appeal. — Any party may appeal from a judgment or final order.

第1节。上诉人。——任何一方当事人均可以对判决或终审裁定提出上诉。

SEC. 2. How appeal taken. - All decisions and final orders shall be appealable to the Court of Appeals through a petition for review under Rule 43 of the Rules of Court.

第2节。如何上诉。——根据《法庭规则》规则43的规定，应当通过提交复审申请书，就所有决定和终审裁定向上诉法院提出上诉。

The petition for review shall be taken within fifteen (15) calendar days from notice of the decision or final order of the Regional Trial Court designated by the Supreme Court as a Special Commercial Court. Upon proper motion and the payment of the full amount of the legal fee prescribed in Rule 141, as amended, and before the expiration of the reglementary period, the Court of Appeals may grant an additional period of fifteen (15) calendar days within which to file the petition for review. No further extension shall be granted except for the most compelling reasons, and in no case to exceed fifteen (15) calendar days.

应自地区初审法院（由最高法院指定为特别商事法院）发出判决或终审裁定通知后十五（15）个日历日内提交复审申请书。经适当申请并全额支付经修订的《规则》第141条规定的诉讼费后，并在规定期限届满前，上诉法院可额外授予十五（15）个日历日，供提交复审申诉书。除非有最令人信服的理由，否则提交复审申诉书的期限不得再次延迟，并且在任何情况下不得超过十五（15）个日历日。

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

刑事诉讼程序

Rule 10

规则10

NATURE OF PROCEEDINGS

诉讼性质

SECTION 1. Scope. - Rules 10 to 15 shall apply to all criminal actions for violations of intellectual property rights provided for in Republic Act No. 8293 or the Intellectual Property Code, as amended, including Repetition of Infringement of Patent (Section 84), Utility Model (Section 108) and Industrial Design and Layout of Integrated Circuits (Section 119), Trademark Infringement (Section 155 in relation to Section 170), Unfair Competition (Section 168 in relation to Section 170), False Designations of Origin; False Description or Representation (Section 169.1 in relation to Section 170), infringement of copyright, moral rights, performers, rights, producers, rights, and broadcasting rights (Sections 177, 193, 203, 208 and 211 in relation to Section 217), Cybersquatting under Section 4(a)(6)(i) and (iii) of Republic Act No. 10175 or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, Infringement of Plant Variety Protection under Republic Act No. 9168 or the Plant Variety Protection Act (Section 47 in relation to Section 56), Republic Act No. 8203 or the Special Law on Counterfeit Drugs (Section 3(b) in relation to Section 4), or Republic Act No. 10088 or the Anti-Camcording Act of 2010 (Section 3 in relation to Section 4), which involves intellectual property rights, and other violations of intellectual property rights as may be defined by law.

第1节。范围。-本规则10-15应适用于《第8293号共和国法》或经修订的《知识产权法典》中规定的、与侵犯知识产权相关的所有刑事诉讼，包括专利权（第84节）、实用新型（第108节）和工业品外观设计、集成电路布置（第119节）的重复侵权、商标侵权（第155节，与第170节有关）、不正当竞争（第168节，与第170节有关）、虚假的原产地名称、虚假说明或陈述（第169.1节，与第170节有关）侵权、侵犯著作权、人格权、表演者权利、制片人权利和转播权（第177、193、203、208和211节，与第217节有关）、《第10175号共和国法》或《2012年网络犯罪预防法》中第4（a）（6）（i）和（iii）节的域名抢注、《第9168号共和国法》或《植物品种保护法》中的植物品种侵权（第47节，与第56节有关）、《第8203号共和国法》或《关于假冒药物的特别法》（第3（b）节，与第4节有关），或《第10088号共和国法》或《2010年反盗摄法》（第3节，与第4节有关）中涉及知识产权及法律规定的其他侵犯知识产权的行为。

SEC. 2. Special Commercial Courts with authority to issue search warrants enforceable nationwide. - Special Commercial Courts in the City of Manila, Quezon City, Makati City, Pasig City, Baguio City, Iloilo City, Cebu City, Cagayan de Oro City, and Davao City shall have authority to act on applications for the issuance of search warrants involving violations covered by Section 1 of Rule 10, which search warrants shall be enforceable nationwide. Within their respective territorial jurisdictions, the Special Commercial Courts in the judicial regions where the violation of intellectual property rights occurred shall have concurrent jurisdiction to issue search warrants.

第2节。有权签发可在全国范围内执行的搜查令的特别商事法院。-如因违反规则10第1节的规定而申请搜查令，马尼拉市、奎松市、马卡蒂市、帕西格市、碧瑶市、怡朗市、宿务市、卡加延-德奥罗市和达沃市的特别商事法院应有权签发搜查令，该搜查令应可在全国范围内执行。如在其司法地区内发生了知识产权侵权行为，上述特别商事法院在其管辖权内，拥有并行管辖权，可签发搜查令。

Accordingly, the Executive Judges are hereby relieved of the duty to issue search warrants involving violations of the Intellectual Property Code in criminal cases as stated in Sec. 12, Chapter V of A.M. No. 03-8-02-SC (Guidelines on the Selection and Appointment of Executive Judges and Defining their Powers, Prerogatives and Duties).

因此，如发生涉及A.M.第03-8-02-SC号（执行法官的选择和任命及其权力、特权和义务的界定指南）第5章第12节规定的刑事案件中违反《知识产权法典》的行为，则免除执行法官签发搜查令的义务。

Rule 11

规则11

COMMENCEMENT OF ACTION

诉讼程序开始

SECTION 1. How commenced. - The filing of criminal cases falling within the scope of this Rule shall be by information after a prior verified complaint is filed under Rule 12 on Preliminary Investigation.

第1节。开始方式。-应在根据规则12初步调查的规定事先提交核证起诉状后，采用提起诉讼的方式，在本规则范围内申请刑事案件立案。

When the information is filed, the verified complaint and the judicial affidavits of witnesses together with other evidence, in such number of copies as there are accused, plus two (2) copies for the court’s files, shall be attached thereto.

提起诉讼时，应根据被告人数，外加两（2）份副本，一并提交核证起诉状和证人的司法宣誓书以及其他证据，供法庭归档。

SEC. 2. Where to file. - The information, together with attachments, shall be filed with the court referred to in Section 2 of Rule 1, which has jurisdiction over the territory where any of the elements of the offense occurred.

第2节。诉讼地点。-应连同附件，向规则1第2节中规定的法院提交诉状，该法院对犯罪要素发生的管区有管辖权。

SEC. 3. When warrant of arrest may issue. - Within ten (10) calendar days from the filing of the information, the judge shall personally evaluate the information, together with the resolution of the prosecutor and its supporting documents. The judge may immediately dismiss the case if the evidence on record clearly fails to establish probable cause. If the judge finds probable cause, he or she shall issue a warrant of arrest, or a commitment order if the accused has already been arrested. In case of doubt on the existence of probable cause, the judge may order the prosecutor to present additional evidence within five (5) calendar days from notice and the issue must be resolved by the court within fifteen (15) calendar days from the presentation of the additional evidence.

第3节。签发逮捕令的时间。-自提起诉讼后十（10）个日历日内，法官应亲自评估诉讼和检察官的决议及其证明文件。如果录制品的证据无合理依据，法官可立即驳回此案件。如果法官发现合理的根据，应签发逮捕证，如果被告已经被逮捕，则应签发拘留令。如果对合理根据的存在存疑，法官可命令检察官在收到通知后五（5）个日历日内提交补充证据，并在提交补充证据后十五（15）个日历日内解决该问题。

SEC. 4. Disposition of goods seized pursuant to search warrant. - If a criminal action has been instituted, only the trial court where the criminal action is filed shall rule on a motion to quash a search warrant or to suppress evidence obtained thereby or to release seized goods.

第4节。根据搜查令处置扣押货物。-已经提起刑事诉讼的，只有提起刑事诉讼的初审法院才能对撤销搜查令、隐匿搜查的证据或放行扣押货物的申请做出裁决。

It shall be the duty of the applicant or private complainant to file a motion for the immediate transfer of the seized goods and records of the case with the issuing court, within ten (10) calendar days from the filing of the information in the trial court, which motion shall be immediately acted upon by the issuing court. Failure of the applicant or private complainant to comply therewith shall subject the seized goods to disposal and/or destruction under Rule 20 by the issuing court.

申请人或者自诉人应自向初审法院提起诉讼之日起十（10）个日历日内，向签发法院提出立即移交扣押货物和案件记录的申请，签发申请的法院应立即采取行动。如申请人或自诉人未能遵守上述规定，签发法院则根据规则20的规定处置和/或销毁扣押货物。

If no criminal action has been instituted, the motion to quash a search warrant or to suppress evidence obtained thereby or to release seized goods may be filed in and resolved by the issuing court. If, pending resolution of the motion, a criminal case is filed in another court, the incident shall be transferred to and resolved by the latter court.

如未提起任何诉讼，则签发法院可提出撤销搜查令、隐匿搜查的证据或放行扣押货物的申请并解决该问题。如果在申请的问题解决之前，另一法院针对该刑事案件进行了立案，则应移交至该法院解决该事件。

Upon motion of the party whose goods have been seized, with notice to the applicant, the issuing court may quash the search warrant and order the return of the seized goods if no criminal complaint is filed within sixty (60) calendar days from the issuance of the search warrant.

在其货物被扣押一方提出申请，并通知申请人后，如果自签发搜查令之日起六十（60）个日历日内未提起刑事诉讼，签发法院可撤销搜查令并命令退还扣押货物。

If upon hearing of the motion, even when no criminal complaint was filed but the seized goods are hazardous under Rule 20, upon due notice to appropriate government regulatory agencies, the court shall order the destruction of the same.

在审理申请时，即使尚未提起刑事诉讼，但如果根据规则20扣押货物发生危险，经适当通知有关政府监管机构后，法院应命令销毁扣押货物。

If no criminal complaint is filed before the Office of the Prosecutor or the appropriate office in the Department of Justice and no motion for the return of the seized goods is filed within sixty (60) calendar days from the issuance of the search warrant, the issuing court shall require the parties, including the private complainant, if any, to show cause as to why the search warrant should not be quashed. If compliance with the show cause order is deemed insufficient, the seized goods shall be subject to disposal and/or destruction under Rule 20 by the issuing court.

如果未向检察官办公室或司法部有关办公室提出刑事诉讼，并且自签发搜查令之日起六十（60）个日历日内，未提出退还扣押货物的申请，签发法院则要求当事各方，包括自诉人（如有），说明不应撤销搜查令的理由。如果认为未充分遵从说明理由的命令，应由签发法院按照规则20的规定处置扣押货物。

The return of the search and seizure warrant shall be in accordance with the provisions of Rule 126 of the Rules of Court.

应按照《法庭规则》中规则126的规定，撤回搜查令和扣押令。

SEC. 5. Prohibited motions. - The following motions shall not be allowed:

第5节。禁止申请。-不应提出如下申请：

1. a) Motion to quash the information, except on the ground of lack of jurisdiction;

a）除非以缺乏管辖权为理由，否则不得提出撤销诉讼的申请；

1. b) Motion for judicial determination of probable cause;

b）对合理根据做出司法裁决的申请；

1. c) Unmeritorious motion for reinvestigation of the prosecutor recommending the filing of information once the information has been filed before the court or if the motion is filed without prior leave of court;

c）一旦已向法院提起诉讼或如果未事先获得法庭许可而提出申请，检察官建议提起诉讼重新调查的无效申请；

1. d) Motion for bill of particulars that does not conform to Section 9, Rule 116 of the Rules of Court;

d）不符合《法庭规则》中规则116第9节规定的详情诉状的申请；

1. e) Motion to suspend the arraignment based on grounds not stated under Section 11, Rule 116 of the Rules of Court;

e）暂停传讯的申请，其理由未在《法庭规则》中规则116第11节中说明；

1. f) Motion for extension of time to file affidavits or any other papers; and

f）延长提交宣誓书或任何其他文件时间的申请；及

1. g) Motion for postponement except if it is based on acts of God, force majeure or physical inability of the witness to appear and testify. A motion for postponement, whether written or oral, shall, at all times, be accompanied by the original official receipt from the office of the clerk of court evidencing payment of the postponement fee under Section 21(b), Rule 141 of the Rules of Court, to be submitted either at the time of the filing of said motion or not later than the next hearing date.

g）延期审理的申请，除非是由于天灾、不可抗力或者证人由于身体原因不能出庭作证。在任何时间，提出延期审理的书面或口头申请时，均须随附法院书记办公室签发的正式收据原件，证明已按照《法庭规则》中规则141第21（b）节的规定，支付了延期审理费用；应在提出上述申请时或在下一次审理日期前提交。

SEC. 6. Civil liability arising from the criminal offense. - When a criminal action is instituted pursuant to these Rules, the civil action for the recovery of civil liability arising from the offense charged shall be deemed instituted with the criminal action unless the offended party waives the civil action, reserves the right to institute it separately, or institutes the civil action prior to the criminal action, subject to the provisions of Rule 111 of Rules of Court.

第6节。刑事犯罪引起的民事责任。-依照本规则提起刑事诉讼的，除非被冒犯一方放弃提起民事诉讼并保留单独提起刑事诉讼的权利，或者按照《法庭规则》中规则111的规定在提起刑事诉讼之前提起民事诉讼，否则视为同时提起了因所指控的罪行而追究民事责任的民事诉讼。

Rule 12

规则12

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION

初步调查

SECTION 1. Complaint. - The complaint shall be filed with the appropriate office in the Department of Justice or the Office of the Prosecutor that has jurisdiction over the offense charged:

第1节。起诉状。-应向司法部有关办公室或对被指控罪行有管辖权的检察官办公室提交起诉状：

1. a) The complaint shall state the full name of the complainant and the facts showing the capacity or authority of the complaining witness to institute a criminal action in a representative capacity, and the legal existence of an organized association of persons that is instituting the criminal action. In case of juridical persons, proof of capacity to sue must be attached to the complaint. Where the complainant is a juridical person not registered in the Philippines, documents proving its legal existence and/or its capacity to sue, such as a certificate of registration or extracts from relevant commercial registries or offices having jurisdiction over said entities, shall be accepted if these are originals or in case of public documents, certified true copies thereof executed by the proper officer of such registries or offices.

a）起诉状中应载明原告的全名、证明原告证人作为代表人提起刑事诉讼的能力或威信的事实，以及提起刑事诉讼的人员组织的合法性。如法人提起诉讼，起诉状须随附诉讼能力证明。如原告为在菲律宾以外地区注册的法人，如果这些文件为原件，应接受证明其合法存在和/或诉讼能力的文件（），例如注册证书或对所述实体有管辖权的相关商业登记处或办事处的摘录；如果所述文件为公共文书，则应接受由该等登记处或办事处适当人员签立的真实核证副本。

Where the complainant is a foreign national or is domiciled or has a real and effective industrial establishment in a country which is a party to any convention, treaty or agreement relating to intellectual property rights or the repression of unfair competition to which the Philippines is also a party, or extends reciprocal rights to nationals of the Philippines by law, the verified complaint must contain such facts showing entitlement to file the action.

如果原告为外国公民或是在任何与知识产权或制止不正当竞争有关的、或法律赋予菲律宾国民互惠权利的任何公约、条约或协定（菲律宾也加入）的缔约国有住所或真实有效的工业场所，核证起诉状中须包含提起诉讼权利的事实。

1. b) The complaint shall state the address of the respondent and shall be in such number of copies as there are respondents, plus two (2) copies for the investigating prosecutor. The complaint shall be subscribed and sworn to before any prosecutor or government official authorized to administer oath, or, in their absence or unavailability, before a notary public. The administering officer must certify that he or she personally examined the complainant and that he or she is satisfied that the complainant voluntarily executed and understood the complaint.

b）起诉状中应载明被告的地址，起诉状数量应基于被告的人数外加两（2）份副本，应提交给调查检察官。应在任何被授权管理宣誓的检察官或政府官员在场的情况下签署起诉状并宣誓。如所述检察官或政府官员缺席或无法到场，在公证人在场的情况下签署并宣誓。政府官员须证明其亲自审查了原告并对原告的自愿提交以及对起诉状的理解感到满意。

1. c) The complaint shall be accompanied by the affidavits of the complainant and their witnesses, as well as other supporting documents to establish probable cause. Notarized affidavits of witnesses shall be allowed and admitted as part of the complaint, provided that affidavits executed by non-residents of the Philippines shall be duly authenticated by the concerned Philippine consular or diplomatic office.

c）提交起诉状应随附原告及其证人的宣誓书以及其他证明文件，确定合理根据。经公证的证人宣誓书应允许作为起诉状的一部分，但非菲律宾居民所签署的宣誓书应由相关菲律宾领事或外交办事处正式认证。

In instances where multiple complaints are filed by the same complainant, copies of the supporting documents shall be admitted after they are compared with and shown to be faithful reproductions of the originals or certified documents referred to in subparagraphs (a) and (c) above.

如同一原告提交了多份起诉状，在与上文第（a）项和第（c）项所述原件或核证文件的副本进行比较，并证明其可信后，须予以接纳。

SEC. 2. Procedure. - The preliminary investigation shall be conducted as follows:

第2节。程序。-应按下列方式开展初步调查：

1. a) Within ten (10) calendar days after the filing of the complaint, the investigating prosecutor, on the basis of the complaint, affidavits, and other evidence accompanying the same, may dismiss the case outright for being patently without basis or merit, and order the release of the accused if in custody, and/or seized articles in custody, if any.

a）自提交起诉状后十（10）个日历日内，调查检察官可根据起诉状、宣誓书和其他相关证据，以明显缺乏根据或价值为由，直接驳回此案件，命令释放被拘留的被告，和/或扣押货物（如有）。

1. b) When the complaint is not dismissed pursuant to the immediately preceding paragraph, the investigating prosecutor, within ten (10) calendar days from the filing of the complaint, shall issue an order to the respondent attaching thereto a copy of the complaint and its supporting affidavits and documents, and require the respondent to submit his or her counter-affidavit and the affidavits of his or her witnesses and other documentary evidence in the format required under Section 1 hereof, wherever applicable, serving copies thereof on the complainant not later than ten (10) calendar days from receipt of said order. The affidavits shall be subscribed and sworn to and certified as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of Section 1 hereof. The respondent shall not be allowed to file a motion to dismiss in lieu of a counter-affidavit.

b）如果根据前款规定不予驳回起诉状，调查检察官应自提交起诉状后十（10）个日历日内，向被告发布命令，并随附起诉状副本及相应宣誓书和文件，要求被告按照本规则第1节规定的格式，在收到上述命令后不迟于十（10）个日历日，提交其反宣誓书、其证人的宣誓书和其他书面证据（如适用），并向原告发送副本。应按照本规则第1节第（b）款和第（c）款的规定，签署、宣誓并核证宣誓书。被告不得提出撤销申请来代替反宣誓书。

1. c) If the respondent cannot be served with the order of the investigating prosecutor, or if served, does not submit his or her counter-affidavit within the ten (10)-calendar-day period, the investigating prosecutor shall resolve the complaint based on the evidence presented by the complainant.

c）如果调查检察官的命令无法向被告人送达，或者即使送达，被告人也没有在十（10）个日历日内提交其反宣誓书，调查检察官应根据原告提交的证据处理起诉。

1. d) The investigating prosecutor may set a hearing if there are facts and issues to be clarified from a party or a witness. The parties can be present at the hearing but without the right to examine or cross-examine. They may, however, submit to the investigating prosecutor questions which may be asked to the party or witness concerned.

d）如果有事实和问题需要当事人或证人澄清，调查检察官可举行听证会。当事各方均可出席听证会，但无权质证或盘问。不过，上述各方可以将向有关当事人或证人提出的问题，提交给调查检察官。

1. e) Within ten (10) calendar days from the last written submission by the parties or the expiration of the period for such submission, the investigating prosecutor shall determine whether or not there is sufficient ground to hold the respondent for trial.

e）在当事各方最后一次提交书面材料，或提交期限届满后十（10）个日历日内，调查检察官应确定是否有足够的理由将被告人交付审判。

SEC. 3. When accused lawfully arrested without warrant. - When a person is lawfully arrested without a warrant, the information may be filed by a prosecutor without need of such investigation provided an inquest had been conducted in accordance with existing Rules.

第3条。被告人在没有逮捕令的情况下被合法逮捕。-在没有逮捕令的情况下合法逮捕一个人时，如果已根据现行规则进行了调查，则检察官无需再进行此类调查而将信息归档。

Before the information is filed, the person arrested may ask for a preliminary investigation in accordance with this Rule, but he or she must sign a waiver of the provisions of Article 125 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended, in the presence of his or her counsel. Notwithstanding the waiver, he or she may apply for bail and the investigation must be terminated within fifteen (15) calendar days from its inception.

在提起诉讼之前，被捕者可以根据本规则要求进行初步调查，但被捕者必须在其律师在场的情况下，签署放弃遵守《经修订刑法典》第125条规定的声明。尽管有弃权，被捕者仍可申请保释，调查必须在开始后十五（15）个日历日内终止。

After the filing of the information in court without preliminary investigation, the accused may, within five (5) calendar days from the time he or she learns of its filing, ask for a preliminary investigation with the same right to adduce evidence in his or her defense as provided in this Rule.

在未进行初步调查的情况下向法庭提交起诉书后，被告人可在得知起诉书提交之日起五（5）个日历日内，要求进行初步调查，并享有与本规定相同的举证辩护权利。

Rule 13

规则13

ARRAIGNMENT AND PRE-TRIAL

传讯和预审

SECTION 1. Arraignment. - The arraignment shall be conducted in accordance with Rule 116 of the Rules of Court.

第1条。传讯- 传讯应按照《法庭规则》中116的规定进行。

Once the court has acquired jurisdiction over the person of the accused, the arraignment of the accused and the pre-trial shall be set simultaneously within ten (10) calendar days from the date of the court's receipt of the case for a detained accused, and within thirty (30) calendar days from the date the court acquires jurisdiction over a non-detained accused, unless a shorter period is provided by special law or Supreme Court circular.

一旦法院获得对被告人本人的管辖权，对被告人的传讯和预审应在法院收到案件之日起十（10）个日历日内同时进行，对未被拘留的被告人的传讯和预审，应在法院获得管辖权之日起三十（30）个日历日内同时进行，除非特别法或最高法院通告规定了更短的期限。

SEC. 2. Pre-trial. - During the pre-trial, a stipulation of facts may be entered into, or the propriety of allowing the accused to enter a plea of guilty to a lesser offense may be considered, or such other matters as may be taken up to clarify the issues and to ensure a speedy disposition of the case. However, no admission by the accused shall be used against him or her unless reduced to writing and signed by the accused and counsel. A refusal or failure to stipulate shall not prejudice the accused.

第2条。预审。- 在预审期间，可达成事实协议，或考虑允许被告人对较轻罪行认罪的适当性，或为澄清问题和确保快速处理案件而可能采取的其他事项。但被告人的任何供词均不得用作对其不利的证据，除非已写成书面材料并由被告人和律师签字。拒绝约定或未能作出约定，不应损害被告人的利益。

The pre-trial shall be terminated not later than thirty (30) calendar days from the date of its commencement.

预审应在开始之日起三十（30）个日历日内结束。

Should a party desire to present additional judicial affidavits as part of his or her direct evidence, the party shall so manifest during the pre-trial, stating the purpose thereof. If allowed by the court, the additional judicial affidavits shall be submitted to the court and served on the adverse party not later than five (5) calendar days after the termination of the pre-trial. If the additional judicial affidavits are presented by the prosecution, the accused may file his or her judicial affidavits and serve the same on the prosecution within five (5) calendar days from such service.

如果一方当事人希望提交附加司法宣誓书，作为其直接证据的一部分，该当事方应在预审期间出示，并说明其目的。如果法院允许，应在预审结束后五（5）个日历日内，将附加司法宣誓书提交法院，并送达对方。如果附加司法宣誓书由控方提交，被告人可以在其送达后的五（5）个日历日内，提交其司法宣誓书，并将其送达控方。

Before the pre-trial, the court shall require the marking of documentary or object evidence by the branch clerk of court or any authorized court personnel.

预审前，法庭应要求法院分院书记或任何经授权的法庭工作人员，对书面证据或实物证据进行标记。

SEC. 3. Non-appearance at the pre-trial. - If the counsel for the accused or the prosecutor does not appear at the pre-trial and does not offer an acceptable excuse for his or her lack of cooperation, the court is authorized to impose any and all available sanctions and penalties that are allowed under existing and relevant rules of procedure.

第3条。未出席预审。- 如果被告人律师或公诉人未出席预审，也未为其不合作提供可接受的理由，则法院有权在现行和相关议事规则允许的范围内，实施任何及所有可用的制裁和处罚。

SEC. 4. Pre-trial Order. - On the day of the termination of the pre-trial, the court shall issue a pre-trial order stating the matters taken up therein, including but not limited to:

第4条。预审令。- 预审结束当日，法院应发布预审令，说明审理的事项，包括但不限于：

1. a) Plea bargaining;

a）辩诉交易；

1. b) The stipulations or admissions entered into by the parties;

b）当事各方达成的协议或认可；

1. c) Whether, on the basis of the stipulations and admissions made by the parties and upon agreement of the parties, judgment may be rendered without the need of further proceedings, in which event judgment shall be rendered within thirty (30) calendar days from issuance of the order;

c）根据双方的协议和认可，经双方同意，是否可以无需进一步诉讼而作出判决，在这种情况下，判决应在命令下达之日起三十（30）个日历日内作出；

1. d) A clear specification of material facts which remain controverted;

d）对仍有争议的重要事实作出说明；

1. e) Trial dates of each party;

e）各方的审判日期；

1. f) Statement of the parties’ respective theories of the case and/or defenses;

f）当事各方对案件的理论和/或辩护的陈述；

1. g) A tabular presentation of the parties’ respective pre-marked exhibit be included to facilitate the subsequent conduct of trial and to properly guide both parties and the court;

g）以表格形式列出双方各自预先标明的证物，以方便随后的审判，并为双方和法院提供正确的指导；

1. h) A statement that the One-Day Examination of Witness Rule and Most Important Witness Rule under A.M. No. 03-1-09-SC (Guidelines for Pre-Trial) shall be strictly followed; and

h）声明应严格遵守A.M. 第03-1-09-SC号（预审指南）中的“一天审查证人规则”和“最重要证人规则”；以及

1. i) Such other matters intended to expedite the disposition of the case.

i）旨在加快案件处理的其他事项。

SEC. 5. Referral to mediation. — On the day of the termination of the pre-trial, the judge shall order the parties to appear before the Philippine Mediation Center for court-annexed mediation on the civil aspect of the criminal action for a non-extendible period of thirty (30) calendar days. After the lapse of the mediation period or if mediation fails, trial shall proceed.

第5条。转介调解。- 在预审结束之日，法官应指示当事各方到菲律宾调解中心，就刑事诉讼的民事方面问题进行法院附设调解，调解期限不得超过三十（30）个日历日，且不得延长。调解期届满后或调解失败的，应当继续审理。

Rule 14

规则14

TRIAL AND JUDGMENT

审理和判决

SECTION 1. Affidavits and other evidence at the trial. - The Court shall hear the evidence of the parties on the trial dates agreed upon by them during the pre-trial. The judicial affidavits of the witnesses of the parties which form part of the record of the case, such as those submitted: (a) during the preliminary investigation; and/or (b) during the pre-trial, shall constitute the direct testimonies of the witnesses who executed them. Such witnesses may be subjected to cross-examination by the adverse party.

第1条。宣誓书和其他审判证据。- 法院应在预审期间各方商定的审判日期，听取各方的举证。当事方证人的司法宣誓书，构成案件记录的组成部分，例如提交的证词：（a）在初步调查期间；和/或（b）在预审期间，应构成执行证人的直接证词。这些证人可能会受到对方当事人的盘问。

SEC. 2. Conduct of trial. ‒ The court shall conduct hearings expeditiously so as to ensure speedy trial. Each party shall have a maximum period of sixty (60) calendar days to present their evidence-in-chief on the trial dates agreed upon during the pre-trial.

第2条。审判。- 法院应迅速进行听证，以确保快速审判。各方最多有六十（60）个日历日的时间，在预审期间商定的审判日期出示其主要证据。

SEC. 3. Demurrer to Evidence. ‒ After the prosecution has rested its case, the court shall inquire from the accused if he or she desires to move for leave of court to file a demurrer to evidence, or to proceed with the presentation of his or her evidence.

第3条。对证据提出异议。- 在控方陈述完案情后，法庭应询问被告人是否希望申请法庭许可对证据提出异议，或继续出示其证据。

If the accused orally moves for leave of court to file a demurrer to evidence, the court shall orally resolve the same. If the motion for leave is denied, the court shall issue an order for the accused to present and terminate his or her evidence on the dates previously scheduled and agreed upon, and to orally offer and rest his or her case on the day his or her last witness is presented.

如果被告人口头请求法庭准许其对证据提出异议，法庭应口头予以解决。如果请求许可的申请被拒绝，法庭应发出指令，要求被告人在先前安排和商定的日期提出和终止其证据，并在其最后一名证人出庭作证之日，口头陈述并休庭。

If despite the denial of the motion for leave, the accused insists on filing a demurrer to evidence, or if the accused files a demurrer to evidence without seeking a prior leave of court, the previously scheduled dates for the accused to present evidence shall be cancelled, and the accused shall be deemed to have waived the right to present evidence and submits the case for judgment on the basis of the evidence of the prosecution.

如果被告人不顾请求许可的申请被拒绝，坚持对证据提出抗辩，或者在未事先请求法庭许可的情况下对证据提出抗辩，则应取消之前为其安排的举证日期，并视被告人为放弃举证权利，可以根据控方证据，对案件进行判决。

The demurrer to evidence shall be filed within a non-extendible period of ten (10) calendar days from the date when leave of court is granted or denied, or within a non-extendible period of ten (10) calendar days from the date when the prosecution has rested its case, in case no such prior leave of court was sought. The corresponding comment shall be filed within a non-extendible period of ten (10) calendar days counted from date of receipt of the demurrer to evidence. The demurrer shall be resolved by the court within a non-extendible period of thirty (30) calendar days from date of the filing of the comment or lapse of the period to file the same.

对证据的异议，应在自法庭许可被授予或拒绝之日起十（10）个日历日内提出，不得延期；如果事先未寻求法庭许可，则应在自控方陈述完毕之日起十（10）天内提出，不得延期。相应的意见应在自收到异议之日起十（10）个日历日内提出，不得延期。法院应在提交意见之日起，不超过三十（30）个日历日内解决异议，或在提交意见的期限届满后解决异议。

If the motion for leave of court to file demurrer to evidence is granted, and the subsequent demurrer to evidence is denied, the accused shall likewise present and terminate his or her evidence and shall orally offer and rest his or her case on the day his or her last witness is presented. The court shall rule on the oral offer of evidence of the accused and the comment or objection of the prosecution on the same day of the offer. If the court denies the motion to present rebuttal evidence because it is no longer necessary, it shall consider the case submitted for decision.

如果请求法庭许可对证据提出异议的申请获得批准，而随后对证据提出的异议被驳回，则被告人也应提出并终止其证据，并应在其最后一名证人出庭作证之日，口头陈述并休庭。法庭应在被告人口头提供证据和控方提出意见或反对意见的当天，作出裁决。如果法院以不再需要为由，拒绝了提出反驳证据的申请，则应对提交裁决的案件进行审议。

If the court grants the motion to present rebuttal evidence, the prosecution shall immediately proceed with its presentation after the accused had rested his/her case, and orally rest its case in rebuttal after the presentation of its last rebuttal witness. Thereafter, the accused shall immediately present sur-rebuttal evidence, if there is any, and orally rest the case in sur-rebuttal after the presentation of its last sur-rebuttal witness. Thereafter, the court shall submit the case for decision.

如果法庭批准提出反驳证据的申请，控方应在被告人结束其异议陈述后立即进行辩驳，并在最后一名反驳证人出庭后口头停止反驳。此后，如有反证证据，被告人应立即提出，并在最后一名反证证人出庭后，以反证方式口头停止举证。此后，法院应将案件提交裁决。

SEC. 4. Submission of memoranda. ‒ Upon termination of trial, the court may order the parties to submit within a non-extendible period of thirty (30) calendar days their memoranda setting forth the law and the facts relied upon by them.

第4条。提交备忘录。- 审判结束后，法院可命令当事各方在三十（30）个日历日（不可延期）内提交备忘录，列明其所依据的法律和事实。

SEC. 5. Judgment. ‒ The court shall promulgate the judgment not later than sixty (60) calendar days from the time the case is submitted for decision, with or without the memoranda. The IPO shall be furnished a copy of the judgment.

第5条。判决。- 无论有无备忘录，法院均应在案件提交裁决之日起不迟于六十（60）个日历日内公布判决。应当向菲律宾知识产权局提供判决书复制件。

Rule 15

规则15

APPEAL

上诉

SECTION 1. Who may appeal. ‒ Any party may appeal from a judgment or final order, unless the accused will be placed in double jeopardy.

第1条。上诉人。- 任何一方均可对判决或终审裁定提出上诉，除非被告人将被一罪二审。

SEC. 2. How appeal taken. ‒ The appeal shall be taken in the manner provided under Rule 122 of the Rules of Court.

第2条。如何上诉。- 上诉应以《法庭规则》中122规定的方式提出。

Rule 16

规则16

COMMON RULES ON ADMISSIBILITY AND WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE

关于证据的可采性和重要性的共同规则

SECTION 1. Evidence of good faith. ‒ In cases of patent, trademark, and copyright infringement, fraudulent intent on the part of the defendant or the accused need not be established. Good faith is not a defense unless the defendant or the accused claims to be a prior user under Sections 73 and 159 of the Intellectual Property Code, or when damages may be recovered under Sections 76, 156, and 216 of the Code.

第1条。善意的证据。- 在专利、商标和版权侵权案件中，不需要证明被告人或被指控人有欺诈意图。除非被告人或被指控人根据《知识产权法典》第73节和第159节规定，声称自己是在先使用人，或者根据《知识产权法典》第76节、第156节和第216节的规定，可以收回损害赔偿，否则善意不能作为抗辩理由。

SEC. 2. Foreign official documents. ‒ If an official document, including notarial acts, is kept in a foreign country, which is party to a treaty or convention to which the Philippines is also a party, or considered a public document under such treaty or convention pursuant to paragraph (c) of Section 19, Rule 132 of the Rules of Court, the certificate or its equivalent regarding such document shall be in the form prescribed by such treaty or convention subject to reciprocity granted to public documents originating from the Philippines.

第2条。外国官方文件。- 如果官方文件（包括公证文书）保存在外国，而该国是菲律宾为缔约国的条约或公约的一方，或者根据《法庭规则》中132第19节第（c）款规定，被视为该条约或公约项下的公共文件，则有关该文件的证书或同等文件应采用该条约或公约规定的格式，但须对源自菲律宾的公共文件给予互惠待遇。

For documents originating from a foreign country which is not party to a treaty or convention referred to in the next preceding sentence, the certificate regarding such document may be made by a secretary of the embassy or legation, consul general, consul, vice-consul, or consular agent, or by any officer in the foreign service of the Philippines stationed in the foreign country in which the record is kept, and authenticated by the seal of his or her office.

对于来自非上述条约或公约缔约国的外国文件，可由大使馆或公使馆秘书、总领事、领事、副领事或领事代理人，或由菲律宾驻该记录所在外国的外交部门的任何官员出具有关该文件的证明，并由其办公室盖章认证。

A document that is accompanied by a certificate or its equivalent may be presented in evidence without further proof, the certificate or its equivalent being prima facie evidence of the due execution and genuineness of the document involved. The certificate shall not be required when a treaty or convention between a foreign country and the Philippines has abolished the requirement, or has exempted the document itself from this formality.

附有证书或等同物的文件可作为证据出示，而无需进一步证明，证书或等同物是所涉文件正当执行和真实性的初步证据。如果外国与菲律宾之间的条约或公约取消了这一要求，或文件本身免除了这一手续，则无需提供证书。

SEC. 3. Deposition of foreign witness. ‒ The deposition of any witness abroad shall be taken within sixty (60) calendar days from the date of the order allowing the deposition, unless the failure to take the deposition within the period is caused by a fortuitous event, fraud, accident, mistake or excusable negligence. The deposition must be taken under the same procedure provided in Rule 5.

第3条。外国证人的证词。- 任何外国证人的证词应在允许作证的命令发出之日起六十（60）个日历日内进行，除非由于偶然事件、欺诈、意外、错误或可原谅的疏忽造成未能在此期间内作证。取证必须按照规则5规定的相同程序进行。

SEC. 4. Presumptions in the Intellectual Property Code. ‒ The presumptions in the Intellectual Property Code on patents, trademarks and copyright shall apply to these Rules.

第4条。《知识产权法典》中的推定。- 《知识产权法典》中关于专利、商标和版权的推定适用于本规则。

SEC. 5. Suppletory application of the rules on discovery and evidence. - Unless inconsistent with these Rules, the rules on discovery and evidence under the Rules of Court shall apply.

第5条。补充适用有关发现和证据的规则。- 除非与本规则不一致，否则应适用《法庭规则》中关于发现和证据的规则。

SEC. 6. Admission of electronic evidence. ‒ Whenever a rule of evidence refers to the term writing, document, record, instrument, memorandum or any other form of writing, such term shall be deemed to include an electronic document. An electronic document is admissible in evidence if it complies with the rules on admissibility under A.M. No. 01-7-01-SC, or the Rules on Electronic Evidence.

第6条。电子证据的认可。- 当证据规则提及书面、文件、记录、文书、备忘录或任何其他书面形式等术语时，该条款应视为包括电子文件。如果电子文件符合A.M. 第01-7-01-SC号的可采性规则或电子证据规则，则该电子文件可作为证据。

Rule 17

规则17

EVIDENCE IN PATENT CASES

专利案件中的证据

SECTION 1. Burden of proof in patent infringement; presumption regarding process patents. - a) The burden of proof to substantiate a charge for patent infringement rests on the party alleging the same, subject, however, to sub-Section b) below, and other applicable laws.

第1条。专利侵权的举证责任；关于方法专利的推定。- a）提出专利侵权指控的一方负有举证责任，但须遵守以下第b）小节及其他适用法律。

1. b) If the subject matter of a patent is a process for obtaining a product, any identical product is presumed to have been obtained through the use of the patented process if: (i) the product is new; or (ii) there is substantial likelihood that the identical product was made by the process and the owner of the patent has been unable, despite reasonable efforts, to determine the process actually used. In such cases, the court shall then order the defendant or alleged infringer to prove that the process to obtain the identical product is different from the patented process, subject to the court’s adoption of measures to protect, as far as practicable, said defendant or alleged infringer’s manufacturing and business secrets.

b）如果专利的主体是获得产品的方法，在下列情况下，任何相同的产品都被推定为是通过使用专利方法获得的：（i）产品是新的；或（ii）很有可能相同的产品是用该方法制造的，而专利权人尽管做出了合理的努力，仍无法确定实际使用的方法。在这种情况下，法院应指令被告人或被控侵权人证明获得相同产品的方法不同于专利方法，同时法院也应采取措施，尽可能保护被告人或被控侵权人的制造和商业机密。

SEC. 2. Patents issued presumed valid. ‒ In all cases, a letters patent issued by the IPO ‒ Bureau of Patents, or successor-agencies, is prima facie evidence of its existence and validity during the term specified therein against all persons, unless the same has already been cancelled or voided by a final and executory judgment or order.

第2条。已发布的专利推定有效。- 在任何情况下，由菲律宾知识产权局专利局或继任机构颁发的专利证书，是其存在的初步证据，在其规定的期限内对所有人有效，除非该专利证书已被最终执行判决，或命令取消，或作废。

Moreover, letters patents issued by the IPO ‒ Bureau of Patents, or successor-agencies, are presumed to have been validly issued by said government agency in accordance with applicable laws, unless otherwise contradicted or overcome by other admissible evidence showing that the same was irregularly issued.

此外，菲律宾知识产权局专利局或继任机构签发的专利证书，被认定是由上述政府机构根据适用法律有效颁发的，除非另有其他可接受的与之相矛盾的证据，证明该专利证书的签发不规范。

SEC. 3. Presumption regarding knowledge of existing patent rights. ‒ For purposes of awarding damages in patent infringement cases, it is presumed that the defendant or alleged infringer knew of the existence of a patent over a protected invention or process, if: (a) on the patented invention or product manufactured using the patented process; (b) on the container or package in which said article is supplied to the public; or (c) on the advertising material relating to the patented product or process, are placed the words “Philippine Patent” with the number of the patent.

第3条。关于知悉现有专利权的推定。- 在专利侵权案件中，为判定损害赔偿的目的，可推定被告人或被控侵权人知道受保护的发明或方法有专利存在，条件是（a）在专利发明或使用专利方法制造的产品上；（b）在向公众提供上述物品的容器或包装上；或（c）在与专利产品或专利方法有关的广告材料上，注明“菲律宾专利”字样和专利号。

SEC. 4. Request for technical advice. ‒ In patent infringement cases, the court, motu proprio or upon motion by a party, may appoint one (1) expert, or order the creation of a committee of three (3) experts to provide advice on the technical aspects of the patent in dispute, including construction of claims, if necessary.

第4条。请求提供技术咨询。- 在专利侵权案件中，法院可自行或根据一方当事人的申请指定一（1）名专家，或下令成立三（3）人专家委员会，就争议专利的技术方面提供咨询意见，必要时包括权利要求书。

If the court orders the creation of a committee of three (3) experts, each party shall, within thirty (30) calendar days from receipt of such order, nominate an expert, who shall then both be appointed by the court. Thereafter, the court shall appoint the third expert from a list submitted by the experts of each side.

如果法院命令成立三（3）人专家委员会，各方都应在收到该命令后三十（30）个日历日内，提出一名专家，交由法院任命。同时，法院应从双方专家提交的名单中指定第三名专家。

All fees and expenses relating to the appointment of an expert or committee of experts shall be initially equally shouldered by the parties but may later on be adjudicated by the court in favor of the prevailing party.

与指定专家或专家委员会有关的所有费用和开支，最初应由双方平均承担，以后可由法院作出有利于胜诉方的裁决。

To assist in the trial involving highly-technical evidence or matters, the court may also request the IPO to provide equipment, technical facilities, and personnel.

为协助涉及高技术证据或事项的审判，法院还可要求菲律宾知识产权局提供相关设备、技术设施和人员。

SEC. 5. Application to utility models and industrial designs. ‒ The above rules shall likewise be applicable to infringement cases involving utility models and industrial designs, with corresponding registrability report.

第5条。适用于实用新型和工业品外观设计。- 上述规则同样适用于涉及实用新型和工业品外观设计的侵权案件，以及相应的可注册性报告。

Rule 18

规则18

EVIDENCE IN TRADEMARK INFRINGEMENT AND UNFAIR COMPETITION CASES

商标侵权和不正当竞争案件的证据

SECTION 1. Certificate of registration. ‒ A certificate of registration of a mark shall be prima facie evidence of:

第1条。注册证明。商标注册证书应作为以下方面的初步证据

1. a) the validity of the registration;

a）注册的有效性；

1. b) the registrant’s ownership of the mark; and

b）注册人对商标的所有权；以及

1. c) the registrant’s exclusive right to use the same in connection with the goods or services and those that are related thereto specified in the certificate.

c）注册人在证书中规定的商品或服务，及相关商品或服务中使用该商标的专有权。

SEC. 2. Evidence of actual use. ‒ The following shall be accepted as proof of actual use of the mark:

第2条。实际使用的证据。- 以下情况可作为实际使用商标的证据：

1. a) Labels of the mark as these are used;

a）所使用的商标标签；

1. b) Downloaded pages from the website of the applicant or registrant clearly showing that the goods are being sold or the services are being rendered in the Philippines;

b）从申请人或注册人网站上下载的网页，清楚地表明商品正在菲律宾销售，或服务正在菲律宾提供；

1. c) Photographs, including digital photographs printed on ordinary paper, of goods bearing the marks as these are actually used or of the stamped or marked container of goods and of the establishment/s where the services are being rendered;

c）带有实际使用标记的货物照片，或加盖印章，或标记的货物容器以及服务提供机构的照片（包括在普通纸上打印的数码照片）；

1. d) Brochures or advertising materials showing the actual use of the mark on the goods being sold or services being rendered in the Philippines;

d）在菲律宾销售的商品或提供的服务上实际使用商标的宣传册或广告材料；

1. e) For online sale, receipts of sale of the goods or services rendered or other similar evidence of use, showing that the goods are placed on the market or the services are available in the Philippines or that the transaction took place in the Philippines;

e）对于网上销售，提供的货物销售收据，或所提供服务的收据，或其他类似的使用证据，表明货物已在菲律宾市场上销售，或服务可在菲律宾提供，或交易已在菲律宾进行；

1. f) Copies of contracts for services showing the use of the mark. Computer printouts of the drawing or reproduction of marks will not be accepted as evidence of use; and

f）显示商标使用情况的服务合同复制件。计算机打印的图样或复制的标记不得作为使用证据；以及

1. g) Such other proofs that the court may deem acceptable.

g)法院认为可接受的其他证据。

SEC. 3. Well-known mark. ‒ In determining whether a mark is well-known, account shall be taken of the knowledge of the relevant sector of the public, rather than of the public at large, including knowledge in the Philippines which has been obtained as a result of the promotion of the mark. The following criteria or any combination thereof may be taken into account in determining whether a mark is well-known:

第3条。驰名商标。- 在确定商标是否为驰名商标时，应考虑相关公众部门的认知度，而不仅仅是普通民众的知晓度，包括在菲律宾因推广该商标而获得的知名度。在确定商标是否为驰名商标时，可以考虑以下任意一项或多项标准：

1. a) the duration, extent and geographical area of any use of the mark; in particular, the duration, extent and geographical area of any promotion of the mark, including advertising or publicity and the presentation, at fairs or exhibitions, of the goods and/or services to which the mark applies;

a）该商标使用的期限、范围和地理区域；特别是商标推广的持续时间、范围和地理区域，包括广告，或宣传，以及在博览会或展览上，展示该商标所适用的商品和/或服务；

1. b) the market share, in the Philippines and in other countries, of the goods and/or services to which the mark applies;

b）该商标适用的商品和/或服务，在菲律宾和其他国家的市场份额；

1. c) the degree of the inherent or acquired distinction of the mark;

c）商标固有或获得的区别的程度；

1. d) the quality-image or reputation acquired by the mark;

d）商标获得的质量形象或声誉；

1. e) the extent to which the mark has been registered in the world;

e）商标在世界范围内注册的程度；

1. f) the exclusivity of registration attained by the mark in the world;

f）商标在世界范围内获得注册的独特性；

1. g) the extent to which the mark has been used in the world;

g）商标在世界范围内的使用程度；

1. h) the exclusivity of use attained by the mark in the world;

h）商标在世界范围内的独家使用权；

1. i) the commercial value attributed to the mark in the world;

i）商标在世界范围内的商业价值；

1. j) the record of successful protection of the rights in the mark;

j）成功保护商标权利的记录；

1. k) the outcome of litigations dealing with the issue of whether the mark is a well-known mark; and

k）有关商标是否为驰名商标的诉讼结果；以及

1. l) the presence or absence of identical or similar marks validly registered for or used on identical or similar goods or services and owned by persons other than the person claiming that his or her mark is a well-known mark.

l）是否存在为相同，或类似商品，或服务上有效注册，或使用的相同或类似商标，且该商标归声称其商标为驰名商标的人以外的人所有。

Provided, that the mark may be well-known, regardless of whether the mark is registered in the Philippines.

前提是，该商标可能是驰名商标，无论其是否在菲律宾注册。

SEC. 4. Presumption of likelihood of confusion. ‒ Likelihood of confusion shall be presumed in case an identical sign or mark is used for identical goods or services.

第4条。混淆可能性的推定- 如果相同的商品或服务使用相同的标志或商标，则应推定存在混淆的可能性。

SEC. 5. Likelihood of confusion in other cases. ‒ In determining whether one trademark is confusingly similar to or is a colorable imitation of another, the court must consider the general impression of the ordinary purchaser, buying under the normally prevalent conditions in trade, and giving the attention such purchasers usually give in buying that class of goods. Visual, aural, connotative comparisons and overall impressions engendered by the marks in controversy as they are encountered in the realities of the marketplace must be taken into account. Where there are both similarities and differences in the marks, these must be weighed against one another to determine which predominates.

第5条。在其他情况下的混淆可能性。- 在判定一个商标是否与另一个商标存在容易混淆的相似，或是否为假冒的仿制品时，法院必须考虑普通购买者的一般印象，即在通常的贸易条件下，这些购买者在购买该类商品时通常给予的关注。必须考虑到在现实市场中，遇到有争议的商标时，所产生的视觉、听觉、内涵比较和整体印象。如果商标既有相似之处，也有不同之处，则必须对这些相似之处和不同之处进行权衡，以确定哪一个占主导地位。

In determining likelihood of confusion between marks used on non-identical goods or services, several factors may be taken into account, such as, but not limited to:

在确定不完全相同的商品或服务上，使用的商标之间是否存在混淆的可能性时，可以考虑以下几个因素，例如但不限于：

1. a) the strength of plaintiff’s mark;

a）原告商标的实力；

1. b) the degree of similarity between the plaintiffs and the defendant’s marks;

b）原告与被告人商标的相似程度；

1. c) the proximity of the products or services;

c）产品或服务的邻近性；

1. d) the likelihood that the plaintiff will bridge the gap;

d）原告弥合差距的可能性；

1. e) evidence of actual confusion;

e）实际混淆的证据；

1. f) the defendant's good faith in adopting the mark;

f）被告人使用该商标的善意；

1. g) the quality of defendant's product or service; and/or

g）被告人产品或服务的质量；和/或

1. h) the sophistication of the buyers.

h）买方的复杂程度。

“Colorable imitation” denotes such a close or ingenious imitation as to be calculated to deceive ordinary persons, or such a resemblance to the original as to deceive an ordinary purchaser giving such attention as a purchaser usually gives, as to cause him or her to purchase the one supposing it to be the other.

“假冒的仿制品”是指接近或巧妙的仿制品以蒙骗普通人，或者与原作十分相似以欺骗普通购买者，通常引起购买者给予注意，使其误以为是原作而购买。

Absolute certainty of confusion or even actual confusion is not required to accord protection to trademarks already registered with the IPO.

对已经在知识产权局注册的商标，给予保护无需绝对确定存在混淆甚至实际存在混淆。

SEC. 6. Likelihood of confusion; Determination of related goods or services. ‒ Goods or services may not be considered as being similar or dissimilar to each other on the ground that, in any registration or publication by the Office, they appear in same or different classes of the Nice Classification.

第6条。混淆的可能性；相关商品或服务的确定。- 商品或服务不得因在政府机构的任何注册或公布中，分属尼斯分类的相同或不同类别，而被视为彼此相似或不同。

SEC. 7. Intent to defraud or deceive. ‒ In an action for unfair competition, intent to defraud or deceive the public shall be presumed:

第7条。欺诈或欺骗的意图。- 在不正当竞争的诉讼中，应推定存在欺诈或欺骗公众的意图:

1. a) when the defendant passes off a product as theirs by using imitative devices, signs or marks on the general appearance of the goods, which misleads prospective purchasers into buying their merchandise under the impression that they are buying that of their competitors;

a）被告人通过在自己商品外观上使用模仿图案、标志或标记，冒充他人的产品，误导潜在购买者购买，使消费者以为购买的是其竞争对手的商品；

1. b) when the defendant makes any false statement in the course of trade to discredit the goods and business of another; or

b）被告人在交易过程中作出任何虚假陈述，诋毁他人的商品和业务；或

1. c) where the similarity in the appearance of the goods as packed and offered for sale is so striking.

c）包装和出售的货物外观极其相似。

SEC. 8. Generic marks. ‒ A registered mark shall not be deemed to be the generic name of goods or services solely because such mark is also used as a name of or to identify a unique product or service.

第8条。通用商标。- 登记商标不应仅仅因为该商标也被用作独特产品或服务的名称，或用于识别该产品或服务，而被视为商品或服务的通用名称。

The test for determining whether the mark is or has become the generic name of goods or services on or in connection with which it has been used shall be the primary significance of the mark to the relevant public rather than purchaser motivation.

判断商标是否是或已经成为使用该商标的商品或服务的通用名称的标准，应是该商标对相关公众的主要意义，而非购买者的动机。

SEC. 9. Market Survey. ‒ A market survey is a scientific market or consumer survey which a party may offer in evidence to prove (a) the primary significance of a mark to the relevant public, including its distinctiveness, its descriptive or generic status, its strength or well-known status and/or (b) likelihood of confusion.

第9条。市场调查。- 市场调查是一种科学的市场或消费者调查，当事人可将其作为证据提供，以证明（a）商标对相关公众的主要意义，包括其独特性、描述性或通用性、实力或知名度，和/或（b）混淆的可能性。

Rule 19

规则19

EVIDENCE IN COPYRIGHT CASES

版权案件证据

SECTION 1. When copyright presumed to subsist. ‒ In copyright infringement cases, copyright shall be presumed to subsist in the work or other subject matter to which the action relates, and ownership thereof shall be presumed to belong to complainant if he, she, or it so claims through affidavit evidence under Section 218 of the Intellectual Property Code, as amended.

第1条。推定版权存在。- 在版权侵权案件中，与诉讼相关的作品或其他主题应被推定为存在版权，如果原告根据经修订的《知识产权法典》第218节，通过宣誓书证据提出索赔，则应推定为其所有权属于原告。

Copyright shall be presumed to subsist in the work or other subject matter to which the action relates if the defendant or accused does not put in issue the question of whether copyright subsists in the work or other subject matter.

如果被告人或被指控人未对相关作品或其他主题是否存在版权问题提出争议，则应推定与诉讼有关的作品或其他主题存在版权。

Where the subsistence of the copyright is established, the plaintiff shall be presumed to be the owner of the copyright if he, she, or it claims to be the owner thereof, and the defendant does not put in issue the question of his or her ownership.

如果版权存在的结论成立，原告或其声称是该版权的所有人，而被告人未就其所有权问题提出争议，则原告应被推定为此版权的所有人。

A mere denial of the subsistence of copyright and/or ownership of copyright based on lack of knowledge shall not be sufficient to rebut the presumption.

仅以不知情为由，否认版权的存在和/或版权所有权的归属，并不足以推翻这一推定。

SEC. 2. Effect of registration and deposit. ‒ Registration and deposit of a work with the National Library or the IPO shall not carry with it the presumption of ownership of the copyright by the registrant or depositor, nor shall it be considered a condition sine qua non to a claim of copyright infringement.

第2条。登记和交存的效力。- 向国家图书馆或菲律宾知识产权局登记和存放作品，不得推定为注册人或存放人拥有版权，也不得将其视为版权侵权索赔的必要条件。

SEC. 3. Presumption of authorship. ‒ The natural person whose name is indicated on a work in the usual manner as the author shall, in the absence of proof to the contrary, be presumed to be the author of the work. This presumption applies even if the name is a pseudonym, provided the pseudonym leaves no doubt as to the identity of the author.

第3条。作者推定- 在没有相反证据的情况下，以通常方式在作品上标明其姓名为作者的自然人，应推定为作品的作者。即使名字是笔名，只要笔名不会让人对作者的身份产生怀疑，这一推定也适用。

The person or body corporate whose name appears on an audiovisual work in the usual manner shall, in the absence of proof to the contrary, be presumed to be the maker of said work.

姓名以通常方式出现在视听作品上的个人或法人团体，在没有相反证明的情况下，应推定为该作品的制作者。

SEC. 4. International registration of works. ‒ A statement concerning a work, recorded in an international register in accordance with an international treaty to which the Philippines is or may become a party, shall be construed as true until the contrary is proved, except:

第4条。作品的国际登记。- 根据菲律宾已加入或可能加入的国际条约在国际注册簙中登记的有关作品的声明，在相反证明成立之前，应视为真实，但以下情况除外：

1. a) Where the statement cannot be valid under Republic Act No. 8293, as amended, or any other law concerning intellectual property; or

a）根据经修订的第8293号共和国法或任何其他有关知识产权的法律，声明无效的；或

1. b) Where the statement is contradicted by another statement recorded in the international register.

b）陈述与国际注册簙中登记的另一陈述相矛盾的。

Rule 20

规则20

DISPOSAL AND/OR DESTRUCTION OF INFRINGING GOODS, RELATED OBJECTS, OR DEVICES

处置和/或销毁侵权货物、相关物品或装置

SECTION 1. Disposal and/or destruction of infringing goods, related objects, or devices; when to file motion. ‒ At any time after the filing of the complaint or information, a motion for the disposal and/or destruction of the seized infringing goods, or materials and implements predominantly used in the infringement, may be filed by the plaintiff, complainant or right-holder before the court.

第1条。处置和/或销毁侵权货物、相关物品或装置；何时提出申请- 原告、起诉人或权利持有人可在提交起诉或信息后，随时向法院提出处置和/或销毁被扣押的侵权物品或主要用于侵权的材料和工具的申请。

There is destruction when the infringing goods are completely destroyed and are put beyond further use. There is disposal when the infringing goods are effectively prohibited from re-entry into the channels of commerce but may be reused for some other lawful purpose.

侵权产品被完全销毁而无法继续使用时，即为销毁。当侵权产品实际上被禁止再次进入商业渠道，但可以重新用于其他合法目的时，即为处置。

In case the infringing goods are counterfeit or pirated, the procedure for their disposal and/or destruction shall be summary in nature with notice to the defendant or the accused to his or her last known address to afford him or her the opportunity to oppose the motion. For this purpose, the lack of authority of the defendant or the accused to exercise any of the rights of the right holder shall be a sufficient ground for the disposal and/or destruction of infringing goods.

如果侵权产品是假冒或盗版产品，其处置和/或销毁程序应为简易程序，并向被告人或被指控人最后已知地址发出通知，使其有机会对申请提出异议。为此，被告人或被指控人无权行使权利持有人的任何权利，应构成处置和/或销毁侵权产品的充分理由。

Counterfeit trademark goods means goods, including packaging, bearing without authorization a trademark which is identical to the trademark validly registered in respect of such goods, or which cannot be distinguished in its essential aspects from such a trademark, and which thereby infringes the rights of the owner of the trademark in question.

假冒商标商品是指包括包装在内的商品，未经授权而标有与该商品有效注册的商标相同的商标，或者在主要方面与该商标无法区分，从而侵犯该商标所有人权利的商品。

Pirated copyright goods means any goods which are copies made without the consent of the right-holder or person duly authorized by the right-holder, and which are made directly or indirectly from an article where the making of that copy would have constituted an infringement of a copyright or a related right.

盗版商品是指未经权利持有人或经权利持有人正式授权的人同意而复制的任何商品，这些商品是直接或间接根据某物品复制的，而复制该物品会构成对版权或相关权利的侵犯。

The motion for disposal and/or destruction shall be granted where the violation of the intellectual property right of the owner or right-holder is established.

如果侵犯所有人或权利持有人知识产权的行为成立，则应批准处置和/或销毁的申请。

In case any genuine issue is raised, such as but not limited to, where the infringement may involve determination of confusing similarity, applicability of fair use or other limitations and exceptions, substantial equivalence, construction of claims, and/or good faith, the court shall continue to receive evidence of the parties during trial in support of their respective claims and defenses, and the disposal and/or destruction of the goods, related objects, or devices shall be resolved after trial.

如果出现任何真正的争议，例如但不限于，侵权可能涉及混淆相似性的确定、合理使用的适用性或其他限制和例外、实质等同、权利要求书和/或善意的确定，法院应在审判期间继续接受各方的证据，以支持其各自的权利要求和抗辩，货物、相关物品或装置的处置和/或销毁应在审判后解决。

SEC. 2. Contents of a motion for disposal and/or destruction. ‒ The motion for disposal and/or destruction of infringing goods, related objects, or devices shall contain the following:

第2条。处置和/或销毁申请的内容。- 处置和/或销毁侵权货物、相关物品或装置的申请应包含以下内容：

1. a) An inventory and photographs of the infringing goods, related objects, or devices at the place where the goods are stored;

a）侵权货物、相关物品或装置存放地点的清单和照片；

1. b) The complete address of the place where the infringing goods, related objects, or devices are being stored;

b）侵权货物、相关物品或装置存放地的完整地址；

1. c) The classification and nature of the infringing goods, related objects, or devices, whether hazardous or non-hazardous;

c）侵权货物、相关物品或装置的分类和性质，无论是危险品还是非危险品；

1. d) The proposed manner, method and plan of disposal and/or destruction;

d）建议的处置和/或销毁方式、方法和计划；

1. e) Estimated cost of disposing and/or destruction of the goods, if any; and

e）处置和/或销毁货物的估计费用（如有）；以及

1. f) Other facts and evidence relied on in support of the motion.

f）支持该申请所依据的其他事实和证据。

SEC. 3. Hazardous classification of infringing goods. ‒ The infringing goods, related objects, or devices are hazardous when they present:

第3条。侵权货物的危险性分类。- 当侵权商品、相关物品或装置出现以下情况时具有危险性：

1. a) Short-term acute hazards, such as acute toxicity by ingestion, inhalation or skin absorption, corrosivity or other skin or eye contact hazards, or the risk of fire or explosion;

a）短期急性危害，如摄入、吸入或皮肤吸收的急性毒性，腐蚀性或其他皮肤或眼睛接触危害，或火灾或爆炸风险；

1. b) Long-term environmental hazards, including chronic toxicity upon repeated exposure, carcinogenicity, which may in some cases result from acute exposure but with a long latent period, resistance to detoxification process such as biodegradation, the potential to pollute underground or surface waters, or aesthetically objectionable properties such as offensive odors; or

b）长期环境危害，包括反复接触后的慢性毒性、致癌性（在某些情况下可能由急性接触造成，但潜伏期较长）、对生物降解等解毒过程的抵抗力、污染地下水或地表水的可能性，或在美学上令人反感的特性，如难闻的气味；或

1. c) Unreasonable risk and/or injury to health and safety and to the environment.

c）对健康、安全和环境造成不合理的风险和/或伤害。

Hazardous goods, related objects, and devices also include health sensitive infringing goods, which are considered harmful as a result of sub-standard or incorrect active pharmaceutical ingredients or lack of therapeutic benefits, which can further endanger the public’s health.

有害商品、相关物品和器械还包括对健康敏感的侵权商品，这些商品因有效药物成分不达标，或不正确，或缺乏治疗效果而被视为有害，可能会进一步危害公众健康。

Hazardous goods, related objects and devices shall only be subject to destruction. All other infringing goods, related objects and devices shall be subject to disposal and/or destruction.

危险品、相关物品和装置只能销毁。所有其他侵权货物、相关物品和装置应予以处置和/或销毁。

SEC. 4. Manner or method of disposal and/or destruction of infringing goods. ‒ The manner or method of disposal and/or destruction of infringing goods, related objects, or devices depends on their nature and circumstances, and whether hazardous or non-hazardous.

第4条。处置和/或销毁侵权产品的方式或方法。- 处置和/或销毁侵权货物、相关物品或装置的方式或方法取决于其性质和情况，以及其危险程度。

The proposed manner or method of disposal and/or destruction of infringing goods must be compliant with existing laws and regulations.

处置和/或销毁侵权物品的拟议方式或方法必须符合现行法律法规。

1. a) The following methods of destruction may be allowed by the court, depending on the nature and circumstances of the infringing goods, related objects, or devices:

a）根据侵权货物、相关物品或装置的性质和情况，法院可允许采用以下销毁方法：

1. Crushing, shredding, and discarding at sanitary landfills;

i.破碎、粉碎并丢弃到卫生填埋场；

1. Incineration;

ii.焚烧；

1. Encapsulation; or

iii.封装；或

1. Other methods that do not pose any risk to the environment or public health and safety.

iv.对环境或公众健康和安全不会构成任何风险的其他方法。

Provided that open burning, or placing these goods in non-sanitary and open landfills shall not be allowed.

但不得露天焚烧，或将这些货物置于不卫生及露天垃圾填埋场。

1. b) The following methods of disposal may be allowed by the court, depending on the nature and circumstances of the infringing goods, related objects, or devices:

b）根据侵权货物、相关物品或装置的性质和情况，法院可允许采用以下处置方法：

1. Recycling;

i.回收利用；

1. Humanitarian donation; or

ii.人道主义捐赠；或

1. Other methods that do not pose any risk to the environment or public health and safety.

iii.对环境或公众健康和安全不会构成任何风险的其他方法。

Provided that the manner of disposal must effectively prevent the re-entry of the infringing goods, related objects, or devices into the channels of commerce.

但处置方式必须有效防止侵权货物、相关物品或装置再次进入商业渠道。

SEC. 5. Order of disposal and/or destruction of infringing goods. ‒ Once the court determines that the motion for disposal and/or destruction is meritorious, it shall issue an order of disposal and/or destruction of infringing goods, related objects, or devices, including but not limited to, sales invoices, other documents evidencing sales, labels, signs, prints, packages, wrappers, receptacles, and advertisements and the like used in the infringing act. The order shall include the manner, method, and plan of disposal and/or destruction, if any.

第5条。处置和/或销毁侵权货物的命令。- 一旦法院认定处置和/或销毁申请成立，则应签发处置和/或销毁侵权商品、相关物品或装置的命令，包括但不限于销售发票、其他销售证明文件、标签、标志、印刷品、包装、包装纸、容器和广告，以及侵权行为中使用的类似物品。该命令应包括处置和/或销毁的方式、方法和计划（如有）。

Upon issuance of the order, the movant must comply with the following:

命令下达后，诉求人必须遵守以下规定：

1. a) An inventory and photographs of the infringing goods must have been taken before the disposal and/or destruction at the place where the seized infringing goods are stored;

a）在处置和/或销毁被扣押的侵权物品之前，必须在侵权物品的存放地对侵权物品进行清点和拍照；

1. b) The taking of the inventory and photographs must be witnessed and attested to by: (1) the defendant, or accused or counsel or agent, or in their absence, an officer of the barangay where the seized infringing goods are stored; (2) the plaintiff, complainant or right-holder, or his or her representative or counsel; (3) the public officer who seized the items or a representative of his or her office; (4) a court officer authorized by the court; and/or (5) authorized representative of the regulatory government agency involved, to supervise the disposal and/or destruction of the infringing goods;

b）库存清单和照片拍摄必须由以下人员见证和证明：（1）被告人或被指控人，或律师，或代理人，或在上述人员无法出席的情况下，由被扣押侵权物品存放地的官员见证；（2）原告、起诉人或权利持有人，或他或她的代理人，或律师；（3）扣押物品的公职人员或其办公室代表人；（4）法院授权的法院官员；和/或（5）相关政府监管机构的授权代表人，监督侵权物品的处置和/或销毁；

1. c) Representative samples of the infringing goods have been retained in a number and nature as to suffice for evidentiary purposes;

c）保留侵权产品的代表性样品，其数量和性质应满足作为证据的要求；

1. d) An inventory of the representative samples has been made by the persons enumerated under (b) above;

d）上述（b）)项所列人员，须参与对代表性样品的清点工作；

1. e) The court officer authorized to supervise the destruction has submitted a report thereon, within five (5) calendar days from the date of the disposal and/or destruction, to which is attached (i) the inventory and photographs of the infringing goods and (ii) the inventory of the representative samples; and

e）受权监督销毁工作的法院官员，在处置和/或销毁之日起五（5）个日历日内，提交一份报告，并附上（i）侵权货物的清单和照片，以及（ii）代表性样品的清单；且

1. f) The movant has posted a bond in an amount fixed by the court sufficient to answer for any damage that the adverse party may suffer.

f）诉求人已交纳由法院规定的保证金，其数额应足以赔偿对方可能遭受的任何损害。

Within ten (10) calendar days after the disposal and/or destruction, the movant must file a report with the court stating that he, she, or it has complied with the above conditions and with the order of the court granting the disposal and/or destruction of the seized infringing goods, related objects, or devices.

在处置和/或销毁后的十（10）个日历日内，诉求人必须向法院提交一份报告，说明其已遵守上述条件，以及法院批准处置和/或销毁所扣押侵权货物、相关物品或装置的命令。

SEC. 6. Admissibility of representative samples. ‒ Representative samples of the goods, objects and devices referred to in this Rule, together with the inventory and photographs of the same, shall be admissible in lieu of the actual items.

第6条。代表性样品的可采性。- 本规则所述货物、物品和装置的代表性样品，连同其清单和照片，均可代替实际物品。

SEC. 7. Humanitarian donation. ‒ The court may issue an order disposing the seized infringing goods, related objects, or devices by way of donation for humanitarian use, subject to the following conditions:

第7条。人道主义捐赠。- 法院可发布命令，将扣押的侵权货物、相关物品或装置以捐赠的方式用于人道主义用途，但须符合以下条件：

1. a) The infringing goods will not cause harm to the donee(s);

a）侵权物品不会对受赠人造成损害；

1. b) All infringing marks or features identifying the complainant, plaintiff, or right-holder as the source of the goods shall be removed to the most possible extent; and

b）应尽最大可能去除所有将起诉人、原告或权利持有人视为货物来源的侵权标记或特征；且

1. c) The government entities or charitable institutions to which the infringing goods are to be donated must be properly identified.

c）接收捐赠侵权物品的政府实体或慈善机构必须得到适当确认。

Rule 21

规则21

REPORTORIAL REQUIREMENTS

报告要求

Within thirty (30) calendar days from the issuance of the decision or final order, the court shall furnish the IPO a copy of the decision or final order.

在判决或终审裁定发布后三十（30）个日历日内，法院应向菲律宾知识产权局提供一份判决或终审裁定的复制件。

Rule 22

规则22

MONITORING, EVALUATION AND TRAINING

监测、评估和培训

The application of and adherence to these Rules shall be subject to periodic monitoring by the Office of the Court Administrator (OCA) by visitation and submission of data.

法院行政官办公室（OCA）应通过查访和提交数据的方式，对本规则的适用和遵守情况进行定期监测。

For this purpose, all courts covered by these Rules shall accomplish and submit a periodic report of data in a form to be generated and distributed by the OCA.

为此，本规则涵盖的所有法院均应完成并提交一份定期数据报告，报告格式由法院行政官办公室制作和分发。

Training of judges and court personnel shall be undertaken by the PHILJA in coordination with the OCA.

菲律宾法律和司法协会与法院行政官办公室应协调对法官和法院工作人员进行培训。

Rule 23

规则23

TRANSITORY AND REPEALING PROVISIONS

临时条款和废止条款

SECTION 1. Transitory Provision. ‒ These Rules shall be applicable to all pending intellectual property cases, whenever practicable as determined by the court.

第1条。临时规定。- 本规则适用于所有经法院裁定可行的待决知识产权案件。

SEC. 2. Repealing Clause. ‒ All rules, resolutions, regulations or circulars of the Supreme Court or parts thereof that are inconsistent with any provision of these Rules are hereby deemed repealed or modified accordingly.

第2条。废除条款。- 最高法院的所有规则、决议、条例或通告，或其中与本规则任何规定不一致的部分，均视为废止或作相应修改。

Rule 24

规则24

EFFECTIVITY

有效性

These Rules shall take effect on November 16, 2020 following their publication in two (2) newspapers of national circulation.

本规则自2020年11月16日在两（2）家全国发行的报纸上发布之日起施行。